تأثیر عوامل فردی و سازمانی با نگرش و قصد اشتراک دانش و نقش آن‌ها در ارتباطات علمی: مطالعه موردی اعضای هیئت‌علمی دانشگاه‌های غرب کشور

پژوهشنامه کتابداری و اطلاع رسانی

مقاله 9، دوره 13، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 26، آذر 1402، صفحه 174-196   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/infosci.2022.71912.1057

نویسنده

فرشاد پرهام نیا^*

استادیار گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: اشتراک دانش و ارتباطات علمی در خلأ اتفاق نمی‌افتد. به نظر می‌رسد اشتراک دانش و ارتباطات علمی تحت تأثیر عوامل فردی و سازمانی قرار دارند که نقش مهمی در بقای دانشگاه دارند. از این رو هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر عوامل فردی و سازمانی با نگرش و قصد به اشتراک دانش و نقش آن‌ها در ارتباطات علمی در بین اعضای هیئت‌علمی دانشگاه‌های غرب کشور و ارائه مدل با استفاده از معادلات ساختاری است.
روش‌شناسی: روش پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نوع پیمایشی ـ تحلیلی بود. حجم نمونه برابر با 270 نفر تعیین شد. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها پرسشنامه بود. به‌منظور تعیین پایایی پرسشنامه، از آزمون کرونباخ استفاده شد. نتایج این آزمون با 41 سؤال، مقدار 745/0 به ‌دست آمد که از پایایی مناسبی برخوردار بود. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از آماره توصیفی، رگرسیون چندگانه و مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری و از نرم‌افزار اس‌پی‌اس‌اس نسخه 23 و آموس استفاده گردید.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر نشان داد متغیر اعتماد از طریق نگرش به اشتراک دانش و متغیر هنجار ذهنی از طریق قصد اشتراک دانش بر ارتباطات علمی اثر گذاشتند. متغیر فرهنگ‌سازمانی و نظام پاداش از طریق نگرش به اشتراک دانش و فرهنگ‌سازمانی فقط از طریق قصد اشتراک دانش بر ارتباطات علمی اثر گذاشتند. متغیر هنجارهای ذهنی علاوه بر اینکه به‌صورت غیرمستقیم بر ارتباطات علمی اثر گذاشت به‌طور مستقیم نیز بر ارتباطات علمی دارای تأثیر بود. همچنین یافته‌ها نشان داد بیشترین اثر رگرسیونی مربوط به متغیر اعتماد (394/0) بر روی نگرش به اشتراک دانش بود. از طرفی، نگرش به اشتراک دانش (114/0) کمترین اثر رگرسیونی بر ارتباطات علمی داشت.
نتیجه: به‌طور کلی نتایج پژوهش نشان داد اعتماد، فرهنگ‌سازمانی و نظام پاداش با میانجی‌گری نگرش به اشتراک دانش و قصد اشتراک دانش بر ارتباطات علمی تأثیر دارند. همچنین این عوامل عناصری مهمی در تعیین شیوه‌های اشتراک دانش در آموزش عالی هستند. بنابراین نقش این عوامل در توسعه ارتباطات علمی با حفظ نقش واسطه‌ای اشتراک‌ دانش انکارناپذیر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اعتماد؛ هنجارهای ذهنی؛ فرهنگ‌سازمانی؛ نظام پاداش؛ نگرش به اشتراک دانش؛ قصد اشتراک دانش؛ ارتباطات علمی؛ اعضای هیئت‌علمی

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