ارزیابی ارتباط بین شاخص کیفیت خاک و تغییرات کربن آلی تحت تأثیر کاربری‌های مختلف‌(مطالعه موردی: منطقه سهند استان آذربایجان شرقی)

جغرافیا و مخاطرات محیطی

مقاله 13، دوره 14، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 53، فروردین 1404، صفحه 275-298   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/geoeh.2023.81986.1354

نویسندگان

سولماز بی دست^{* 1}؛ احمد گلچین²

¹محقق پسادکتری گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

²استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

خاک‌های مرتعی به علّت دارا بودن مواد آلی زیاد همواره مورد توجه بوده است، در حالی که تغییر کاربری آن‌ها تأثیر زیادی بر مقدار کربن آلی به­ عنوان کلید کیفیت خاک می‌گذارد. در این تحقیق کمی کردن کیفیت خاک در مراتع سهند استان آذربایجان شرقی و ارتباط احتمالی آن با کربن آلی خاک مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بدین منظور نمونه ­های خاک از دو کاربری مرتع و زراعی با استفاده از روش نمونه ­برداری خطی جمع‌آوری و 12 ویژگی فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک اندازه ­گیری و مقایسه آماری بین آن­ها انجام شد. با استفاده از روش تجزیه مؤلفه­ اصلی، حداقل مجموعه داده ­ها مؤثر بر کیفیت خاک استخراج گردید. سپس با کمک توابع امتیازدهی غیر­خطی، شاخص کیفیت خاک تخمین زده شد. در نهایت الگوهای ارتباطی بین مؤثرترین نشانگر شناسایی شده و سایر ویژگی­ های خاک با استفاده از رگرسیون چند متغیره مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که مقدار شاخص کیفیت خاک مرتع (78/0) به طور معنی ­داری بالاتر از خاک زراعی (63/0) بود. کربن آلی بالاترین امتیاز (73/0) را در محاسبه کیفیت خاک به خود اختصاص داد. میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانه (72/0)، رس (93/0)، جرم مخصوص ظاهری (24/0-) و رطوبت اشباع در خاک مرتع (04/0) و اسیدیته (13/0-) و هدایت الکتریکی (48/0-) در خاک زراعی ارتباط معنی ­داری (بیشترین ضریب رگرسیونی) را با کربن آلی نشان دادند. به­ طورکلی می­ توان بیان نمود که کاربری­ های­ مختلف نقش مهمی را در تغییر کیفیت خاک از طریق اثرگذاری بر خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک و به ­تبع آن تغییر در ورودی کربن آلی به خاک و حفظ آن در خاک ایفاء می­ کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

توابع امتیازدهی غیرخطی؛ کربن آلی؛ کیفیت خاک؛ مرتع

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