بررسی مقادیر باقی‌مانده‌ عناصر سنگین سرب، کادمیوم، کروم، آرسنیک و نیکل در شیر و بافت‌های بدن گاوهای شیری هلشتاین

پژوهشهای علوم دامی ایران

مقاله 2، دوره 15، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 56، دی 1402، صفحه 489-501   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijasr.2023.79760.1119

نویسندگان

احمد داوطلب زرقی¹؛ مسلم باشتنی^{* 2}؛ عباسعلی ناصریان³؛ مهرداد مهری⁴

¹گروه علوم دامی دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

²گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

³گروه علوم دامی ،دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

⁴گروه علوم درمانگاهی دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

وجود عناصر سنگین در خوراک و آب مصرفی دام­ها سبب آلودگی محصولات دامی و بروز مشکلات بهداشتی و سلامتی برای انسان شده که این موضوع نگران‌کننده و مهم است، لذا به‌منظور بررسی مقادیر باقی‌مانده‌ عناصر سنگین شامل سرب، کادمیوم، کروم، آرسنیک و نیکل در شیر و بافت­های بدن گاوهای شیری هلشتاین در استان خراسان شمالی دو آزمایش در سه منطقه طراحی و مقادیر عناصر فوق در شیر و بافت­های بدن گاو­های شیری با استفاده از دستگاه پلاسمای جفت شده القایی- نشر اتمی (ICP) اندازه­گیری، و مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. در آزمایش اول، سه واحد گاوداری شیری در فواصل مکانی یکسان از صنایع بزرگ استان انتخاب گردید و در هر واحد از شیر تعداد 10 راس گاو شیری نمونه­گیری و مقادیر عناصر فوق اندازه‌گیری گردید. در آزمایش دوم، از تعداد پنج راس از گاو­های شیری هر یک ازمناطق فوق از بافت‌های عضله ران، قلب، کبد، کلیه و ریه‌های آن‌ها نمونه‌گیری و عناصر سنگین در بافت‌های فوق اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج آزمایش اول نشان داد، میزان کروم در شیر گاوهای منطقه یک و میزان نیکل در شیر گاوهای منطقه دو به‌طور معنی­داری بالاتر از سایر مناطق بود. نتایج آزمایش دوم نشان داد، میزان فلزات کروم و نیکل در بافت عضله ناحیه ران گاوهای منطقه یک و میزان کادمیوم در بافت قلب گاوهای منطقه سه به‌طور معنی‌داری بالاتر از سایر مناطق بود. میزان عناصر آرسنیک و کادمیوم در بافت کلیه و میزان کروم و نیکل در بافت ریه گاوهای هلشتاین نیز تحت تأثیر مناطق مختلف قرار گرفت، به‌طوری‌که میزان آرسنیک، کروم و نیکل در منطقه دو، و میزان کادمیوم در منطقه سه بالاتر ازسایر مناطق بود. بدون در نظر گرفتن مناطق، بالاترین مقادیر عناصر در بافت­ها مربوط به غلظت عنصر سرب بود و کبد بیشترین غلظت سرب را نسبت به سایر بافت­ها داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بافت‌های بدن؛ عناصر سنگین؛ گاو شیری

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