تأثیر اسیدی کردن خاک فسفات و ورمی‌کمپوست بر سینتیک رهاسازی فسفر در خاک آهکی

آب و خاک

مقاله 6، دوره 37، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 90، مهر و آبان 1402، صفحه 575-588   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.2023.82137.1277

نویسندگان

زینب سخنور ماهانی^{* 1}؛ ناصر برومند²؛ مهدی سرچشمه پور³

¹دانشگاه شهید باهنر - کرمان - ایران

²دانشگاه شهیدباهنر - کرمان- ایران

³دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

چکیده

فسفر یکی از مهمترین عناصر ضروری برای رشد گیاهان و تولید محصولات کشاورزی است. درخاک‌‌های آهکی به علت pH بالا، درصد زیاد کربنات کلسیم، کمبود مواد آلی و رطوبت؛ کمبود فسفر به صورت یک عارضه عمومی دیده می‌‌شود. قابلیت جذب فسفر تابع واکنش‌‌های مختلف خاک است. سرعت و مقدار آزادسازی فسفر قابل استفاده تابع واکنش‌‌های خاک و زمان انجام این واکنش‌‌ها می‌‌باشد. اطلاعات درباره سرعت آزادشدن فسفر در خاک آهکی محدود می‌‌باشد. مطالعه سینتیک رهاسازی فسفر از خاک شاخص خوبی برای بررسی وضعیت جذب فسفر توسط گیاه می‌‌باشد. هدف از این تحقیق مطالعه سینتیک رهاسازی فسفر و به دست آوردن بهترین معادله برای توجیه رهاسازی فسفر از یک خاک آهکی تحت تاثیر اسیدی کردن خاک فسفات و ورمی‌کمپوست بود. در این مطالعه به منظور بررسی توان خاک فسفات و ورمی‌کمپوست اسیدی شده در رهاسازی فسفر آزمایشی با 2 تکرار و 5 تیمار شامل: 1- شاهد، 2- خاک فسفات، 3- خاک فسفات اسیدی شده، 4- ورمی کمپوست و 5- ورمی کمپوست اسیدی شده انجام شد و پس از دو هفته انکوباسیون در دمای ℃2±20 میزان فسفر رهاشده نمونه‌‌ها با دستگاه اسپکتروفتومتر در زمان‌‌های 25/0 تا 256 ساعت اندازه‌‌گیری شد. شش مدل سینتیکی برای توصیف رهاسازی فسفر مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. معادله الوویچ ساده شده با میانگین ضرایب تبیین (R²) 79/0 و با میانگین خطای معیار (SE) 4/0 در تمام تیمار‌‌ها رهاسازی فسفر از خاک را به خوبی توصیف کرد. نتایج نشان داد که در ابتدا رهاسازی فسفر سریع و با گذشت زمان کاهش یافت. اسیدی کردن خاک فسفات و ورمی کمپوست منجر به تسریع و افزایش رهاسازی فسفر گردید. نتایج همچنین نشان داد که با اسیدی کردن ورمی‌کمپوست، به دلیل کاهش pH می‌‌تواند موجب کاهش تثبیت فسفر در تیمارهای حاوی مواد آلی نسبت به کود شیمیایی شود و فسفر سریع‌‌تر از این منبع آلی رها گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

خاک فسفات؛ سینتیک؛ کود آلی؛ معادلات سینتیکی؛ ورمی کمپوست

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