بررسی ارزش زراعی و مصرف (VCU) شش رقم خارجی پنبه در استان خراسان جنوبی

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 4، دوره 21، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 72، دی 1402، صفحه 435-457   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jcesc.2023.82323.1247

نویسندگان

آیدین حمیدی^{* 1}؛ محسن آرزمجو²؛ صادق هاشم زهی²؛ فاطمه خلقتی بنا³؛ کامران رهنما⁴؛ حسن ملکی زیارتی⁵؛ زرین منفرد⁶

¹سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، کرج، ایران

²سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان جنوبی، واحد ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، بیرجند، ایران

³سازمان تحقیقات، ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، بخش بیماری‌های گیاهی، کرج، ایران

⁴دانشکده تولیدات گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران

⁵سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان، واحد ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، گرگان، ایران

⁶اداره کل پنبه و دانه‌های روغنی، سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان گلستان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

ارزش زراعی و مصرف (VCU) شش رقم جدید پنبه خارجی با منشاء ترکیه: شامل ارقام کاریزما، لیدیا، PG2018، BA440، فلش و ادسا در مقایسه با ارقام شاهد ورامین و خرداد در استان خراسان جنوبی (بیرجند-ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی محمدیه) در سال‌های زراعی 1396-1395 و 1397-1396 با تعیین عملکرد وش و اجزای آن، تعداد غوزه و وزن غوزه، زودرسی، خصوصیات کیفیت الیاف شامل کیل، طول، ظرافت، کشش، استحکام، یکنواختی، درخشندگی و زردی الیاف و تحمل به پژمردگی ورتیسلیومی ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد رقم شاهد ورامین با 5.720 و رقم خارجی لیدیا با 5.645 تن در هکتار از بیشترین و رقم خارجی کاریزما با 4.625 تن در هکتار از کمترین عملکرد وش برخوردار بودند. بیشترین وزن غوزه به‌ترتیب به میزان 5.720 و 5.645 گرم به رقم شاهد ورامین و رقم خارجی لیدیا تعلق داشت. ارقام شاهد ورامین و خرداد به‌ترتیب با 100 و 87 روز دوره کاشت تا شکفتگی کامل غوزه‌ها دیررس‌ترین و زودرس‌ترین ارقام مورد بررسی بودند. الیاف رقم خارجی PG2018 و رقم شاهد ورامین به‌ترتیب از بیشترین و کمترین کیل برخوردار بودند. رقم شاهد ورامین دارای ظریف‌ترین الیاف بود و الیاف رقم خارجی لیدیا و رقم شاهد ورامین به‌ترتیب از بیشترین و کمترین کشش برخوردار بودند. الیاف ارقام خارجی لیدیا با 33.5500 و کاریزما با 29.1375 گرم بر تکس به‌ترتیب دارای بیشترین و کمترین استحکام بودند. بیشترین و کمترین درخشندگی الیاف به‌ترتیب به رقم خارجی لیدیا و رقم شاهد ورامین در سال اول تعلق داشت. ارقام شاهد خرداد و ورامین به‌ترتیب دارای کمترین و بیشترین زردی الیاف بودند. براساس نتایج این تحقیق از میان شش رقم جدید خارجی پنبه مورد بررسی رقم لیدیا به‌لحاظ بالابودن عملکرد وش و وزن غوزه و برتری تعدادی از ویژگی‌های کیفی استحکام و درخشندگی الیاف و تحمل بالا نسبت به پژمردگی ورتیسلیومی قابل‌توصیه برای کشت به‌عنوان رقم پنبه تجاری جدید در استان خراسان جنوبی و مناطق مشابه می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پنبه تار متوسط؛ تحمل به پژمردگی ورتیسلیومی؛ خصوصیات تکنولوژیکی الیاف

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