تحلیل استنادناپذیری از منظر کارایی اقتصادی

دانشنامه حقوق اقتصادی

دوره 30، شماره 23، شهریور 1402، صفحه 81-94   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/economlaw.2023.81583.1261

نویسندگان

مهسا رباطی¹؛ رحیم پیلوار^{* 2}؛ حسین جاور³

¹دانشجوی دکتری حقوق خصوصی دانشگاه تهران (پردیس فارابی)

²استادیار گروه حقوق خصوصی دانشگاه تهران (پردیس فارابی)

³دانشیار گروه حقوق خصوصی دانشگاه تهران (پردیس فارابی)

چکیده

استنادناپذیری ضمانت‌اجرایی است که از حقوق فرانسه به حقوق ایران راه یافته و مصادیقی را در قانون، رویه قضایی و دکترین حقوقی ایران به خود اختصاص داده است. جریان این ضمانت‌اجرا در جایی است که قواعد حامی حقوق اشخاص ثالث، مانند لزوم ثبت و انتشار یا رعایت شکل و... در ایجاد عناصر حقوقی همچون قرارداد، از سوی اشخاص دخیل مانند طرفین قرارداد رعایت نشود. این ضمانت‌اجرا در حقوق ایران در عرض ضمانت‌اجراها و وضعیت‌های حقوقی چون بطلان، عدم نفوذ و مراعی قرار می‌گیرد و این پرسش را ایجاد می‌کند که کارآمدی ضمانت‌اجراها و وضعیت‌های حقوقی پیش‌گفته برای عدم رعایت قواعد حامی حقوق اشخاص ثالث در مقایسه با استنادناپذیری به چه میزان است و آیا با وجود آن‌ها، نیاز به اقتباس استنادناپذیری از حقوق فرانسه هست؟

از آن‌جایی که کارایی، مفهومی اساسی در علم اقتصاد است که معیارهای متعددی برای ارزیابی آن ارائه شده، این پژوهش با استفاده از معیارهای ارزیابی کارایی در علم اقتصاد، استنادناپذیری را در مقایسه با دیگر ضمانت‌اجراها و وضعیت‌های حقوقی موجود در حقوق ایران، توصیف و تحلیل اقتصادی می‌نماید.

این پژوهش نتیجه می‌گیرد که نسبت به وضعیت عدم رعایت قواعد حامی حقوق اشخاص ثالث، استنادناپذیری، در مقایسه با دیگر ضمانت‌اجراها و وضعیت‌های حقوقی موجود در حقوق ایران، بر اساس معیار کارایی پارتویی و کالدور-هیکس دارای کارآمدی اقتصادی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

استنادناپذیری؛ عدم قابلیت استناد؛ تحلیل اقتصادی حقوق؛ کارایی اقتصادی؛ ضمانت اجرا

مراجع

 

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