اخبار و اعلانات

 آمار

تعداد نشریات52
تعداد شماره‌ها2,097
تعداد مقالات21,711
تعداد مشاهده مقاله83,076,946
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله25,751,291
کوچ, یحیی, توکلی فیض آبادی, محمود, حق وردی, کتایون. (1402). اثر توده‌های جنگل‌کاری شده با سنین مختلف و پوشش مرتعی بر ویژگی‌های لایه آلی و سطحی خاک. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 37(5), 701-720. doi: 10.22067/jsw.2023.82251.1280
یحیی کوچ; محمود توکلی فیض آبادی; کتایون حق وردی. "اثر توده‌های جنگل‌کاری شده با سنین مختلف و پوشش مرتعی بر ویژگی‌های لایه آلی و سطحی خاک". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 37, 5, 1402, 701-720. doi: 10.22067/jsw.2023.82251.1280
کوچ, یحیی, توکلی فیض آبادی, محمود, حق وردی, کتایون. (1402). 'اثر توده‌های جنگل‌کاری شده با سنین مختلف و پوشش مرتعی بر ویژگی‌های لایه آلی و سطحی خاک', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 37(5), pp. 701-720. doi: 10.22067/jsw.2023.82251.1280
کوچ, یحیی, توکلی فیض آبادی, محمود, حق وردی, کتایون. اثر توده‌های جنگل‌کاری شده با سنین مختلف و پوشش مرتعی بر ویژگی‌های لایه آلی و سطحی خاک. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1402; 37(5): 701-720. doi: 10.22067/jsw.2023.82251.1280

اثر توده‌های جنگل‌کاری شده با سنین مختلف و پوشش مرتعی بر ویژگی‌های لایه آلی و سطحی خاک

آب و خاک
مقاله 4، دوره 37، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 91، آذر و دی 1402، صفحه 701-720    اصل مقاله (993.4 K)
نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.2023.82251.1280
نویسندگان
یحیی کوچ* 1؛ محمود توکلی فیض آبادی2؛ کتایون حق وردی3
1گروه مرتعداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران
2دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران
3گروه علوم و صتایع چوب و کاغذ، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران
چکیده
پوشش­های گیاهی با گونه­ها و سنین متفاوت از طریق ایجاد شرایط محیطی متنوع و تولید مواد آلی مختلف اثرات قابل ملاحظه­ای بر ویژگی­های لایه سطحی خاک دارند. ‌از این­رو پژوهش حاضر به بررسی اثر توده­های جنگل‌کاری صنوبر 20 ساله، پلت 20 ساله، صنوبر 10 ساله، پلت 10 ساله و پوشش مرتعی در قطعه 3، سری دلاک­خیل از جنگل­های حوزه چوب و کاغذ مازندران بر ویژگی­های لایه آلی و سطحی خاک پرداخته است. بدین منظور در هر یک از رویشگاه­های مورد مطالعه سه قطعه یک هکتاری انتخاب شدند و در هر یک از قطعات یک هکتاری، تعداد 5 نمونه لاشبرگ و 5 نمونه خاک (15 نمونه لاشبرگ و 15 نمونه خاک از هر رویشگاه) جهت تجزیه و تحلیل به آزمایشگاه منتقل شد. نتایج حاکی از بهبود اکثر ویژگی­های لایه آلی و سطحی خاک در توده­های جنگل‌کاری شده به­ویژه جنگل­کاری­های 20 ساله در مقایسه با پوشش مرتعی بود. براساس نتایج مربوط به تجزیه مؤلفه­های اصلی، مقادیر بالاتر محتوای نیتروژن، فسفر، کلسیم، منیزیم و پتاسیم لایه آلی منجر به بهبود مشخصه­های حاصلخیزی خاک، فعالیت­های میکروبی، فعالیت آنزیمی، جمعیت کرم­های خاکی، تعداد نماتدهای خاکزی و زی‌توده ریزریشه، به‌ترتیب تحت جنگل‌کاری­های صنوبر و پلت 20 ساله شده است در حالی‌که جنگل‌کاری­های 10 ساله به‌ویژه با گونه پلت و پوشش مرتعی با تولید مواد آلی با محتوای بالای کربن و نسبت کربن به نیتروژن منجر به کاهش تجزیه مواد آلی (ضخامت بیشتر لایه آلی) و در نتیجه کاهش مشخصه­های مذکور لایه سطحی خاک شدند. با توجه به یافته­های این پژوهش می­توان نتیجه گرفت که جنگل‌کاری با گونه صنوبر به‌ویژه پس از گذشت 20 سال در مقایسه با پلت توانایی بالاتری در بهبود وضعیت خاک دارد که این موضوع می­تواند در جنگل‌کاری­های آینده مورد توجه مدیران قرار بگیرد. همچنین حضور پوشش­های درختی (صنوبر و پلت) با گذشت زمان نسبت به پوشش مرتعی در بهبود وضعیت حاصلخیزی و شرایط مناسب ادافولوژیک خاک از الویت بالاتری برخوردارند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
اسیدهای آلی؛ پلت؛ صنوبر؛ فعالیت آنزیمی؛ موجودات خاکزی
مراجع
  1. Aguilar-Fernández, R., Gavito, M.E., Peña-Claros, M., Pulleman, M., & Kuyper, T.W. (2020). Exploring linkages between supporting, regulating, and provisioning ecosystem services in rangelands in a tropical agro-forest frontier. Land, 9(12), 511. https://doi.org/10.3390/land9120511
  2. Alef, K., & Nannipieri, P. (1995). Methods in applied soil microbiology and biochemistry (Issue 631.46 M592ma). Academic Press,.
  3. Allison, L.E. (1975). Organic carbon In: Black CA. Methods of Soil Analysis. American Society of Agronomy, Part, 2.
  4. Asiedu, E.K., Ampadu, B., Bonsu, M., & Abunyewa, A.A. (2013). Hydrological and physical changes of soils under cocoa plantations of different ages during the dry season in the transition zone of Ghana.
  5. Asshoff, R., Scheu, S., & Eisenhauer, N. (2010). Different earthworm ecological groups interactively impact seedling establishment. European Journal of Soil Biology, 46(5), 330–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2010.06.005
  6. Augusto, L., De Schrijver, A., Vesterdal, L., Smolander, A., Prescott, C., & Ranger, J. (2015). Influences of evergreen gymnosperm and deciduous angiosperm tree species on the functioning of temperate and boreal forests. Biological Reviews, 90(2), 444–466. https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12119
  7. Augusto, L., Ranger, J., Binkley, D., & Rothe, A. (2002). Impact of several common tree species of European temperate forests on soil fertility. Annals of Forest Science, 59(3), 233–253. https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2002020
  8. Babur, E., Dindaroğlu, T., Roy, R., Seleiman, M.F., Ozlu, E., Battaglia, M.L., & Uslu, Ö.S. (2022). Relationship between organic matter and microbial biomass in different vegetation types. In Microbial Syntrophy-Mediated Eco-enterprising (pp. 225–245). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-99900-7.00005-5
  9. Bending, G.D., Turner, M.K., Rayns, F., Marx, M.-C., & Wood, M. (2004). Microbial and biochemical soil quality indicators and their potential for differentiating areas under contrasting agricultural management regimes. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 36(11), 1785–1792. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.04.035
  10. Benscoter, B.W., Thompson, D.K., Waddington, J.M., Flannigan, M.D., Wotton, B.M., De Groot, W.J., & Turetsky, M.R. (2011). Interactive effects of vegetation, soil moisture and bulk density on depth of burning of thick organic soils. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 20(3), 418–429. https://doi.org/10.1071/WF08183
  11. Bower, C.A., Reitemeier, R.F., & Fireman, M. (1952). Exchangeable cation analysis of saline and alkali soils. Soil Science, 73(4), 251–262.
  12. Bremner, J.M. (1982). Total nitrogen. Methods of Soil Analysis, 595–624.
  13. Brookes, P.C., Landman, A., Pruden, G., & Jenkinson, D.S. (1985). Chloroform fumigation and the release of soil nitrogen: a rapid direct extraction method to measure microbial biomass nitrogen in soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 17(6), 837–842. https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(85)90144-0
  14. Cardoso, E.J.B.N., Vasconcellos, R.L.F., Bini, D., Miyauchi, M.Y.H., Santos, C.A. dos, Alves, P.R.L., Paula, A.M. de, Nakatani, A.S., Pereira, J. de M., & Nogueira, M.A. (2013). Soil health: looking for suitable indicators. What should be considered to assess the effects of use and management on soil health? Scientia Agricola, 70, 274–289. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-90162013000400009
  15. Chapman, H.D., & Pratt, P.F. (1962). Methods of analysis for soils, plants and waters. Soil Science, 93(1), 68.
  16. Cheng, F., Peng, X., Zhao, P., Yuan, J., Zhong, C., Cheng, Y., Cui, C., & Zhang, S. (2013). Soil microbial biomass, basal respiration and enzyme activity of main forest types in the Qinling Mountains. PloS One, 8(6), e67353. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0067353
  17. Crumsey, J.M., Le Moine, J.M., Vogel, C.S., & Nadelhoffer, K.J. (2014). Historical patterns of exotic earthworm distributions inform contemporary associations with soil physical and chemical factors across a northern temperate forest. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 68, 503–514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.10.029
  18. Cusack, D.F., Silver, W.L., Torn, M.S., Burton, S.D., & Firestone, M.K. (2011). Changes in microbial community characteristics and soil organic matter with nitrogen additions in two tropical forests. Ecology, 92(3), 621–632. https://doi.org/10.1890/10-0459.1
  19. da Silva Delabona, P., Pirota, R.D.P.B., Codima, C.A., Tremacoldi, C.R., Rodrigues, A., & Farinas, C.S. (2012). Using Amazon forest fungi and agricultural residues as a strategy to produce cellulolytic enzymes. Biomass and Bioenergy, 37, 243–250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.12.006
  20. Dechoum, M.S., Zenni, R.D., Castellani, T.T., Zalba, S.M., & Rejmánek, M. (2015). Invasions across secondary forest successional stages: effects of local plant community, soil, litter, and herbivory on Hovenia dulcis seed germination and seedling establishment. Plant Ecology, 216, 823–833. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-015-0470-z
  21. Di Carlo, E., Chen, C.R., Haynes, R.J., Phillips, I.R., & Courtney, R. (2019). Soil quality and vegetation performance indicators for sustainable rehabilitation of bauxite residue disposal areas: a review. Soil Research, 57(5), 419–446. https://doi.org/10.1071/SR18348
  22. Edwards, C.A. (2004). The importance of earthworms as key representatives of the soil fauna. Earthworm Ecology, 2, 3–11.
  23. Elliott, E.T., & Cambardella, C.A. (1991). Physical separation of soil organic matter. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 34(1-4), 407-419.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8809(91)90124-G
  24. Emiru, N., & Gebrekidan, H. (2013). Effect of land use changes and soil depth on soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus contents of soils in Senbat Watershed, Western Ethiopia. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science, 8(3), 206–212.
  25. Erdmann, , Scheu, S., & Maraun, M. (2012). Regional factors rather than forest type drive the community structure of soil living oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 57, 157–169. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-012-9546-9
  26. Finzi, A.C., Canham, C.D., & Van Breemen, N. (1998). Canopy tree–soil interactions within temperate forests: species effects on pH and cations. Ecological Applications, 8(2), 447–454. https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761
  27. Forghani, A. (2004). Study of biochemical changes and properties fulvic and humic acid in soil treated with different organic materials. 8th Iranian Soil Science Congress, 78–79.
  28. Fouché, J., Christiansen, C.T., Lafrenière, M.J., Grogan, P., & Lamoureux, S.F. (2020). Canadian permafrost stores large pools of ammonium and optically distinct dissolved organic matter. Nature Communications, 11(1), 4500.
  29. Franco, A.L.C., Knox, M.A., Andriuzzi, W.S., de Tomasel, C.M., Sala, O.E., & Wall, D.H. (2017). Nematode exclusion and recovery in experimental soil microcosms. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 108, 78–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.02.001
  30. Galindo, V., Giraldo, C., Lavelle, P., Armbrecht, I., & Fonte, S.J. (2022). Land use conversion to agriculture impacts biodiversity, erosion control, and key soil properties in an Andean watershed. Ecosphere, 13(3), e3979. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3979
  31. Garten Jr, C. T. (2002). Soil carbon storage beneath recently established tree plantations in Tennessee and South Carolina, USA. Biomass and Bioenergy, 23(2), 93–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0961-9534(02)00033-8
  32. Ghazanshahi, J. (2006). Soil and plant analysis. Homa publication, 272p.
  33. Ghosh, A., Singh, A.B., Kumar, R.V, Manna, M.C., Bhattacharyya, R., Rahman, M.M., Sharma, P., Rajput, P.S., & Misra, S. (2020). Soil enzymes and microbial elemental stoichiometry as bio-indicators of soil quality in diverse cropping systems and nutrient management practices of Indian Vertisols. Applied Soil Ecology, 145, 103304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2019.06.007
  34. Gilliam, F.S., & Dick, D.A. (2010). Spatial heterogeneity of soil nutrients and plant species in herb-dominated communities of contrasting land use. Plant Ecology, 209, 83–94.
  35. Grizzetti, B., Liquete, C., Pistocchi, A., Vigiak, O., Zulian, G., Bouraoui, F., De Roo, A., & Cardoso, A.C. (2019). Relationship between ecological condition and ecosystem services in European rivers, lakes and coastal waters. Science of the Total Environment, 671, 452–465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.155
  36. Guimaraes, D.V., Gonzaga, M.I.S., da Silva, T.O., da Silva, T.L., da Silva Dias, N., & Matias, M.I.S. (2013). Soil organic matter pools and carbon fractions in soil under different land uses. Soil and Tillage Research, 126, 177–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2012.07.010
  37. Haghdoost, N., Akbarinia, M., Hosseini, S.M., & Kooch, Y. (2011). Conversion of Hyrcanian degraded forests to plantations: Effects on soil C and N stocks. Annals of Biological Research, 2, 385–399.
  38. Helmisaari, H.-S., Saarsalmi, A., & Kukkola, M. (2009). Effects of wood ash and nitrogen fertilization on fine root biomass and soil and foliage nutrients in a Norway spruce stand in Finland. Plant and Soil, 314, 121–132. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-008-9711-4
  39. Heydari, M., Poorbabaei, H., Bazgir, M., Salehi, A., & Eshaghirad, J. (2014). Earthworms as indicators for different forest management types and human disturbance in Ilam oak forest, Iran. Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A. Forestry, 56(3).
  40. Hirschfeld, M.N.C., Cares, J.E., & Esteves, A.M. (2020). Land use, soil properties and climate variables influence the nematode communities in the Caatinga dry forest. Applied Soil Ecology, 150, 103474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2019.103474
  41. Isaac, R.A., & Johnson, W.C. (1975). Collaborative study of wet and dry ashing techniques for the elemental analysis of plant tissue by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 58(3), 436–440. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/58.3.436
  42. Jacob, M., Viedenz, K., Polle, A., & Thomas, F.M. (2010). Leaf litter decomposition in temperate deciduous forest stands with a decreasing fraction of beech (Fagus sylvatica). Oecologia, 164, 1083–1094. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-010-1699-9
  43. Jafari, M., & Sarmadian, F. (2003). Fundamentals of Soil Science and Soil Classification. University of Tehran Press. First Edition. (In Persian)
  44. Jia, G., Cao, J., Wang, C., & Wang, G. (2005). Microbial biomass and nutrients in soil at the different stages of secondary forest succession in Ziwulin, northwest China. Forest Ecology and Management, 217(1), 117–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2005.05.055
  45. Jiao, S., Li, J., Li, Y., Xu, Z., Kong, B., Li, Y., & Shen, Y. (2020). Variation of soil organic carbon and physical properties in relation to land uses in the Yellow River Delta, China. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 20317.
  46. Jochum, M., Ferlian, O., Thakur, M.P., Ciobanu, M., Klarner, B., Salamon, J., Frelich, L.E., Johnson, E.A., & Eisenhauer, N. (2021). Earthworm invasion causes declines across soil fauna size classes and biodiversity facets in northern North American forests. Oikos, 130(5), 766–780. https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.07867
  47. Jones, D.L., & Willett, V.B. (2006). Experimental evaluation of methods to quantify dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 38(5), 991–999. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.08.012
  48. Kemper, W.D., & Rosenau, R.C. (1986). Aggregate stability and size distribution. Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 1 Physical and Mineralogical Methods, 5, 425–442. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.1.2ed.c17
  49. Klimek, B., Niklińska, M., Jaźwa, M., Chodak, M., & Tarasek, A. (2015). Application of the bait-lamina method to measure the feeding activity of soil fauna in temperate forests. Polish Journal of Ecology, 63(3), 414–423. https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249PJE2015.63.3.011
  50. Kooch, Y., Amani, M., & Abedi, M. (2022). Vegetation degradation threatens soil health in a mountainous semi-arid region. Science of the Total Environment, 830, 154827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154827
  51. Kooch, Y., Ehsani, S., & Akbarinia, M. (2020). Stratification of soil organic matter and biota dynamics in natural and anthropogenic ecosystems. Soil and Tillage Research, 200, 104621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2020.104621
  52. Kooch, Y., & Noghre, N. (2020). Nutrient cycling and soil-related processes under different land covers of semi-arid rangeland ecosystems in northern Iran. Catena, 193, 104621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2020.104621
  53. Kooch, Y., Tarighat, F.S., & Haghverdi, K. (2022). Effect of forest and non-forest land covers on soil organic matter, Fulvic and Humic Acids. Ecology of Iranian Forest, 39–46. https://doi.org/52547/ifej.10.19.39
  54. Kooch, Y., Zaccone, C., Lamersdorf, N.P., & Tonon, G. (2014). Pit and mound influence on soil features in an Oriental Beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) forest. European Journal of Forest Research, 133, 347-354.‏ https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-013-0766-2
  55. Lal, R. (2004). Soil carbon sequestration impacts on global climate change and food security. Science, 304(5677), 1623–1627. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1097396
  56. Lamandé, M., Hallaire, V., Curmi, P., Péres, G., & Cluzeau, D. (2003). Changes of pore morphology, infiltration and earthworm community in a loamy soil under different agricultural managements. Catena, 54(3), 637–649. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0341-8162(03)00114-0
  57. Lee, S.-H., Kim, M.-S., Kim, J.-G., & Kim, S.-O. (2020). Use of soil enzymes as indicators for contaminated soil monitoring and sustainable management. Sustainability, 12(19), 8209. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12198209
  58. Li, M., Zhou, X., Zhang, Q., & Cheng, X. (2014). Consequences of afforestation for soil nitrogen dynamics in central China. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 183, 40–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.018Get rights and content
  59. Li, Z., Li, D., Ma, L., Yu, Y., Zhao, B., & Zhang, J. (2019). Effects of straw management and nitrogen application rate on soil organic matter fractions and microbial properties in North China Plain. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 19, 618–628. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-018-2102-4
  60. Liang, W., Lou, Y., Li, Q., Zhong, S., Zhang, X., & Wang, J. (2009). Nematode faunal response to long-term application of nitrogen fertilizer and organic manure in Northeast China. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 41(5), 883–890. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.06.018
  61. Luo, G., Xue, C., Jiang, Q., Xiao, Y., Zhang, F., Guo, S., Shen, Q., & Ling, N. (2020). Soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling microbial populations and their resistance to global change depend on soil C: N: P stoichiometry. Msystems, 5(3), e00162-20. https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00162-20
  62. Martin, J.G., Bolstad, P.V., Ryu, S.-R., & Chen, J. (2009). Modeling soil respiration based on carbon, nitrogen, and root mass across diverse Great Lake forests. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 149(10), 1722–1729. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.06.002
  63. Marzi, M., Shahbazi, K., Kharazi, N., & Rezaei, M. (2020). The influence of organic amendment source on carbon and nitrogen mineralization in different soils. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 20, 177–191. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-019-00116-w
  64. Matute, M.M. (2013). Soil nematodes of Brassica rapa: influence of temperature and pH. Advances in Natural Science, 6(4), 20–26. https://doi.org/3968/j.ans.1715787020130604.2858
  65. McCauley, A., Jones, C., & Jacobsen, J. (2009). Soil pH and organic matter. Nutrient Management Module, 8(2), 1–12.
  66. Meena, A., & Rao, K.S. (2021). Assessment of soil microbial and enzyme activity in the rhizosphere zone under different land use/cover of a semiarid region, India. Ecological Processes, 10(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-021-00288-3
  67. Menta, C. (2012). Soil fauna diversity-function, soil degradation, biological indices, soil restoration. Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in a Diverse World, 59–94.
  68. Mojarabi, M., Moftakhar, J.M., Kooch, Y., & Jalilvand, H. (2011). Comparition of regeneration density and biodiversity of afforestations of Populus deltoides and Acer velutinum Boiss. In Dallak Khil of Mazandaran. Iranian Journal of Biology, 614-621. (In Persian)
  69. Mohamed, A.E., Rashed, M.N., & Mofty, A. (2003). Assessment of essential and toxic elements in some kinds of vegetables. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 55(3), 251–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-6513(03)00026-5
  70. Mohammadi, K., Heidari, G., Khalesro, S., & Sohrabi, Y. (2011). Soil management, microorganisms and organic matter interactions: A review. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(86), 19840. https://doi.org/5897/AJBX11.006
  71. Moslehi, M., & Nazari, J. (2012). Relations between earthworms and trees and its effects on forest soils. Human and Environmental, 20(1), 108–113.
  72. Nanganoa, L.T., Okolle, J.N., Missi, V., Tueche, J.R., Levai, L.D., & Njukeng, J.N. (2019). Impact of different land-use systems on soil physicochemical properties and macrofauna abundance in the humid tropics of Cameroon. Applied and Environmental Soil Science, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5701278
  73. Neatrour, M.A., Jones, R.H., & Golladay, S.W. (2005). Correlations between soil nutrient availability and fine-root biomass at two spatial scales in forested wetlands with contrasting hydrological regimes. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 35(12), 2934–2941. https://doi.org/10.1139/x05-217
  74. Nelson, D.W., & Sommers, L. (1983). Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 2 Chemical and Microbiological Properties, 9, 539–579. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr9.2.2ed.c29
  75. Nilsson, M.-C., Wardle, D.A., & Dahlberg, A. (1999). Effects of plant litter species composition and diversity on the boreal forest plant-soil system. Oikos, 16–26. https://doi.org/10.2307/3546566
  76. Noguchi, K., Sakata, T., Mizoguchi, T., & Takahashi, M. (2005). Estimating the production and mortality of fine roots in a Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica Don) plantation using a minirhizotron technique. Journal of Forest Research, 10, 435–441. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10310-005-0163-x
  77. Olsen, S.R., & Dean, L.A. (1965). Phoshorus (Ed. CA Black) Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. American Society of Agronomy. Inc. Publisher Madison Wisconsin USA.
  78. Page-Dumroese, D. S. (2020). The North American long-term soil productivity study: Collaborations to understand forest responses to land management. Forest Management–Research Partnerships, 53. https://doi.org/10.2737/NRS-GTR-P-193-paper8
  79. Page, A.L., Miller, R.H., & Jeeney, D.R. (1750). Methods of soil analysis, Part 1. Physical properties. SSSA Publication, Madison.
  80. Palansooriya, K.N., Wong, J.T.F., Hashimoto, Y., Huang, L., Rinklebe, J., Chang, S.X., Bolan, N., Wang, H., & Ok, Y.S. (2019). Response of microbial communities to biochar-amended soils: a critical review. Biochar, 1, 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-019-00009-2
  81. Peng, Y., Holmstrup, M., Schmidt, I. K., De Schrijver, A., Schelfhout, S., Heděnec, P., Zheng, H., Bachega, L. R., Yue, K., & Vesterdal, L. (2022). Litter quality, mycorrhizal association, and soil properties regulate effects of tree species on the soil fauna community. Geoderma, 407, 115570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115570
  82. Peri, P.L., Rosas, Y.M., Ladd, B., Toledo, S., Lasagno, R.G., & Martinez Pastur, G. (2019). Modeling soil nitrogen content in South Patagonia across a climate gradient, vegetation type, and grazing. Sustainability, 11(9), 2707. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11092707
  83. Pires, L. F., Brinatti, A. M., Saab, S. C., & Cássaro, F. A. M. (2014). Porosity distribution by computed tomography and its importance to characterize soil clod samples. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 92, 37–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2014.06.010
  84. Plaster, E. (2013). Soil science and management. Cengage learning.
  85. Prescott, C. E. (2010). Litter decomposition: what controls it and how can we alter it to sequester more carbon in forest soils? Biogeochemistry, 101, 133–149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-010-9439-0
  86. Qiu, Q., Li, J. Y., Wang, J. H., He, Q., Su, Y., & Ma, J. W. (2015). Interactions between soil water and fertilizer application on fine root biomass yield and morphology of Catalpa bungei seedlings. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 700, 323–333. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.700.323
  87. Robertson, G. P., Coleman, D. C., Sollins, P., & Bledsoe, C. S. (1999). Standard soil methods for long-term ecological research (Vol. 2). Oxford University Press on Demand.
  88. Safaei, M., Bashari, H., Mosaddeghi, M. R., & Jafari, R. (2019). Assessing the impacts of land use and land cover changes on soil functions using landscape function analysis and soil quality indicators in semi-arid natural ecosystems. Catena, 177, 260–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2019.02.021
  89. Sánchez-Moreno, S., Minoshima, H., Ferris, H., & Jackson, L. E. (2006). Linking soil properties and nematode community composition: effects of soil management on soil food webs. Nematology, 8(5), 703–715.
  90. Sayer, E. J., Tanner, E. V. J., & Cheesman, A. W. (2006). Increased litterfall changes fine root distribution in a moist tropical forest. Plant and Soil, 281, 5–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-005-6334-x
  91. Schelfhout, S., Mertens, J., Verheyen, K., Vesterdal, L., Baeten, L., Muys, B., & De Schrijver, A. (2017). Tree species identity shapes earthworm communities. Forests, 8(3), 85. https://doi.org/10.3390/f8030085
  92. Schloter, M., Dilly, O., & Munch, J. C. (2003). Indicators for evaluating soil quality. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 98(1–3), 255–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(03)00085-9
  93. Seighalani, S., Ramazanpoor, H., & Kahneh, H. (2015). The effect of Taxadium, Alnus and Poplus on soil chemical in forest areas, Astaneh-ye Ashrafiyeh region. Iranian Journal of Soil Researches, 29, 233–241.
  94. Sharrow, S. H., & Ismail, S. (2004). Carbon and nitrogen storage in agroforests, tree plantations, and pastures in western Oregon, USA. Agroforestry Systems, 60, 123–130. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:AGFO.0000013267.87896.41
  95. Sione, S. M. J., Wilson, M. G., Lado, M., & González, A. P. (2017). Evaluation of soil degradation produced by rice crop systems in a Vertisol, using a soil quality index. Catena, 150, 79–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2016.11.011
  96. Sofo, A., Mininni, A.N., & Ricciuti, P. (2020). Soil macrofauna: A key factor for increasing soil fertility and promoting sustainable soil use in fruit orchard agrosystems. Agronomy, 10(4), 456. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040456
  97. Sohrabi, H., Jourgholami, M., Lo Monaco, A., & Picchio, R. (2022). Effects of forest harvesting operations on the recovery of earthworms and nematodes in the Hyrcanain old-growth forest: Assessment, mitigation, and best management practice. Land, 11(5), 746. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11050746
  98. Soto, L., Galleguillos, M., Seguel, O., Sotomayor, B., & Lara, A. (2019). Assessment of soil physical properties’ statuses under different land covers within a landscape dominated by exotic industrial tree plantations in south-central Chile. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 74(1), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.74.1.12
  99. Srinivasan, V., Maheswarappa, H.P., & Lal, R. (2012). Long term effects of topsoil depth and amendments on particulate and non particulate carbon fractions in a Miamian soil of Central Ohio. Soil and Tillage Research, 121, 10–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2012.01.014
  • Stott, D.E. (2019). Recommended soil health indicators and associated laboratory procedures. Soil Health Technical Note, 450–03.
  • Sun, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, S., Dai, G., Han, S., & Liang, W. (2013). Soil nematode responses to increases in nitrogen deposition and precipitation in a temperate forest. PloS One, 8(12), e82468. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0082468
  • Tao, H.-H., Slade, E.M., Willis, K.J., Caliman, J.-P., & Snaddon, J.L. (2016). Effects of soil management practices on soil fauna feeding activity in an Indonesian oil palm plantation. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 218, 133–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.11.012
  • Tardy, V., Mathieu, O., Lévêque, J., Terrat, S., Chabbi, A., Lemanceau, P., Ranjard, L., & Maron, P. (2014). Stability of soil microbial structure and activity depends on microbial diversity. Environmental Microbiology Reports, 6(2), 173–183. https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.12126
  • Tavakoli, M., Kooch, Y., & Akbarinia, M. (2018a). Frequency and diversity of worms in topsoil of degraded and reclaimed forest habitats of the Caspian region. Iranian Journal of Forest, 10(3), 293–306.
  • Tavakoli, M., Kooch, Y., & Akbarinia, M. (2018b). The effect of degraded and reclaimed forest areas on carbon dioxide gas emissions and soil carbon mineralization in West of Mazandaran. International Conferences of Climate Change and Dendrochronology in Caspian Ecosystems, Sari, Iran.
  • Tong, H., Simpson, A.J., Paul, E. A., & Simpson, M.J. (2021). Land-use change and environmental properties alter the quantity and molecular composition of soil-derived dissolved organic matter. ACS Earth and Space Chemistry, 5(6), 1395–1406. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.1c00033
  • Vahedi, A. A., Motaji, A., & Eshaghi Rad, J. (2014). Variation of soil organic carbon pool weight associated with plant biodiversity (Case study: Mixed-beech forests of Glandrood in Nour). Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology, 3(7), 1–12. https://doi.org/1001.1.24763128.1393.3.7.2.0
  • Vázquez, E., Benito, M., Espejo, R., & Teutscherova, N. (2020). Response of soil properties and microbial indicators to land use change in an acid soil under Mediterranean conditions. Catena, 189, 104486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2020.104486
  • Verma, S., & Jayakumar, S. (2012). Impact of forest fire on physical, chemical and biological properties of soil: A review. Proceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2(3), 168.
  • Wang, B., Xue, S., Liu, G. Bin, Zhang, G.H., Li, G., & Ren, Z.P. (2012). Changes in soil nutrient and enzyme activities under different vegetations in the Loess Plateau area, Northwest China. Catena, 92, 186–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2011.12.004
  • Wang, Q., & Wang, S. (2006). Microbial biomass in subtropical forest soils: effect of conversion of natural secondary broad-leaved forest to Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation. Journal of Forestry Research, 17(3), 197–200. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-006-0046-9
  • Wang, Q., Xiao, F., He, T., & Wang, S. (2013). Responses of labile soil organic carbon and enzyme activity in mineral soils to forest conversion in the subtropics. Annals of Forest Science, 70, 579–587. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-013-0294-8
  • Wang, W.J., & Dalal, R.C. (2006). Carbon inventory for a cereal cropping system under contrasting tillage, nitrogen fertilisation and stubble management practices. Soil and Tillage Research, 91(1–2), 68–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2005.11.005
  • Wenxiang, H., Xin, J., & Yongrong, B. (2002). Study on soil enzyme activity effected by dimehypo. Xibei Nonglin Keji Daxue Xuebao (China).
  • Ye, R., Wright, A. L., Inglett, K., Wang, Y., Ogram, A. V, & Reddy, K. R. (2009). Land‐use effects on soil nutrient cycling and microbial community dynamics in the everglades agricultural area, Florida. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 40(17–18), 2725–2742. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620903173772
  • Yesilonis, I., Szlavecz, K., Pouyat, R., Whigham, D., & Xia, L. (2016). Historical land use and stand age effects on forest soil properties in the Mid-Atlantic US. Forest Ecology and Management, 370, 83–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.03.046
  • Yuan, Z.Y., & Chen, H.Y.H. (2010). Fine root biomass, production, turnover rates, and nutrient contents in boreal forest ecosystems in relation to species, climate, fertility, and stand age: literature review and meta-analyses. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 29(4), 204–221. https://doi.org/10.1080/07352689.2010.483579
  • Zeng, X., Zhang, W., Cao, J., Liu, X., Shen, H., & Zhao, X. (2014). Changes in soil organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and bulk density after afforestation of the “Beijing–Tianjin Sandstorm Source Control” program in China. Catena, 118, 186-194.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2014.01.005
  • Zhang, L., Jing, Y., Chen, C., Xiang, Y., Rezaei Rashti, M., Li, Y., Deng, Q., & Zhang, R. (2021). Effects of biochar application on soil nitrogen transformation, microbial functional genes, enzyme activity, and plant nitrogen uptake: A meta‐analysis of field studies. GCB Bioenergy, 13(12), 1859–1873. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12898
  • Zhao, C., Li, Y., Zhang, C., Miao, Y., Liu, M., Zhuang, W., Shao, Y., Zhang, W., & Fu, S. (2021). Considerable impacts of litter inputs on soil nematode community composition in a young Acacia crassicapa plantation. Soil Ecology Letters, 3, 145–155. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42832-021-0085-3

 

آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 3,735
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,289


سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. قدرت گرفته از سیناوب