اثر محلول‌پاشی سولفات آهن و روی بر عملکرد علوفه و غلظت آهن و روی در ذرت علوفه‌ای (Zea mays L.)

آب و خاک

مقاله 6، دوره 37، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 92، بهمن و اسفند 1402، صفحه 907-922   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.2023.83811.1320

نویسندگان

کوثر اسدی؛ مجتبی بارانی مطلق^* ؛ سیدعلیرضا موحدی نائینی؛ طالب نظری

گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

آهکی بودن خاک­های کشاورزی از عوامل اصلی کاهش کارایی جذب عناصر کم مصرف آهن و روی از محلول خاک و کاهش عملکرد گیاهان زراعی در اکثر مناطق ایران محسوب می­شوند. بنابراین به­منظور ارزیابی اثر محلول­پاشی سولفات آهن و روی بر عملکرد و کیفیت علوفه و نیز غلظت آهن در گیاه ذرت علوفه­ای (هیبرید 704 سینگل کراس) آزمایشی به­صورت طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار اجرا گردید. تیمارها شامل شاهد (محلول­پاشی با آب مقطر)، محلول­پاشی عناصر کم­مصرف سولفات آهن (Fe SO₄.7H₂O (20%Fe)، سولفات روی (Zn SO₄.7H₂O (22% Zn و سولفات آهن + سولفات روی با غلظت 5 در هزار در مرحله 4 برگی، مرحله 8 برگی و هر دو مرحله (4 برگی و 8 برگی) بود. محلول­پاشی اوایل صبح و آبیاری به­صورت قطره­ای انجام شد. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش نشان داد که بیشترین مقدار غلظت آهن اندام هوایی با میانگین 14/175 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم از محلول­پاشی آهن در هر دو مرحله 4 و 8 برگی بدست آمد که نسبت به محلول‌پاشی آهن در مرحله 8 برگی و مرحله 4 برگی افزایشی معادل 73/22 و 39/34 درصد را نشان داد. همچنین بیشترین مقدار غلظت روی اندام هوایی با میانگین 02/71 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم در گیاه ذرت علوفه­ای در تیمار محلول­پاشی روی در هر دو مرحله 4 و 8 برگی دیده شد که نسبت به تیمار شاهد 86/89 درصد غلظت روی را افزایش داد. بیشترین مقدار عملکرد و درصد پروتئین به‌ترتیب با میانگین 75/310 گرم بر متر مربع و 50/17 درصد از محلول­پاشی همزمان آهن و روی در هر دو مرحله 4 و 8 برگی بدست آمد که نسبت به محلول­پاشی آهن و روی در مرحله 4 و 8 برگی به‌ترتیب با میانگین 10/189 و 67/171 گرم بر متر مربع و 60/12 و 79/10 درصد افزایشی معادل با 50/19، 44/30، 02/5 و 14 درصد داشت که نشان می­دهد که محلول­پاشی همزمان آهن و روی در هر دو مرحله اثر بیشتری بر صفات مورد مطالعه در مقایسه با محلول­پاشی هر یک از عناصرآهن و روی به تنهایی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پروتئین؛ ذرت علوفه‌ای؛ غلظت آهن؛ محلول‌پاشی

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