تحلیلی بر حکمرانی و مدیریت ریسک سیلاب

آب و توسعه پایدار

مقاله 3، دوره 10، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 29، آذر 1402، صفحه 13-34   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی کاربردی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jwsd.v10i3.2309-1272

نویسندگان

مائده اسکوهی¹؛ کاظم اسماعیلی^{* 2}؛ علی نقی ضیائی²

¹دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، سازه‏های آبی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

²دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، سازه‏های آبی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

حکمرانی و مدیریت ریسک سیل شامل تدابیر و راهبردهایی است که به‌منظور کاهش خطر سیلاب و مدیریت اثرات آن طراحی می‌شوند. این فرایند شامل شناسایی و ارزیابی خطرها، برنامه‌ریزی و پیشگیری، آمادگی برای واکنش و عملکرد در شرایط بحرانی، پاسخگویی سریع و مؤثر در مواجهه با سیلاب، اجرای تدابیر سازنده و بهبود مستمر است. رویکرد اصلی این پژوهش بر پنج موضوع نهاده شده است که به مسائل مختلف مرتبط با حکمرانی و مدیریت ریسک سیلاب می‌پردازد و شامل مشارکت ذی‌نفعان، سیاست‌‏ها و اقدامات، تحقیق در عملیات، ابزارهای پشتیبانی و چارچوب‏‏‌ها می‏‌باشد. مطالعه مدیریت ریسک سیلاب در دو دهه گذشته تحول چشمگیری را تجربه کرده است. توجه به کاربرد مدیریت ریسک سیلاب و تحلیل مقایسه‌ای حکمرانی ریسک سیلاب در مطالعه مدیریت سیلاب صورت گرفته است که به معنای ایجاد چیدمان پیچیده‌ای است که رفتار عوامل حاکمیتی و اجتماعی در مورد مدیریت ریسک سیلاب را شکل می‌دهد. با توجه ‏به بررسی منابع مطالعاتی، بین ساختار اصلی مطالعات مدیریت ریسک سیلاب و حکمرانی ریسک سیلاب همبستگی زیادی وجود دارد.  مقاله‏‌های مورد بررسی بر اساس موضوعات اصلی در نرم‌افزار MAXQDAکدگذاری شدند، سپس مجموعه کامل کدها در تمام مقاله‌‏ها بررسی شدند. یافته‏‌های پژوهش نشان می‏‌دهد بهبود تاب‌آوری در برابر سیلاب نیازمند تلاش‌های گسترده‌ای در زمینه‌های علوم فیزیکی و اجتماعی است. پژوهشگران باید برای پیش‌بینی و مدل‌سازی سیلاب، علاوه‏ بر علوم فیزیکی به توسعه ابزارهای علوم اجتماعی بپردازند. این اقدامات می‌تواند به بهبود برنامه‌ریزی و مدیریت بحران‌های سیلاب کمک کرده و تاثیرات اجتماعی و اقتصادی آن را کاهش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

حکمرانی؛ مدیریت ریسک سیلاب؛ تاب‌آوری؛ نرم‌افزار MAXQDA

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