ارزیابی تأثیر جایگزینی استروویت با کود سوپر فسفات تریپل بر برخی شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیکی و فراهمی فسفر در گیاه گندم

آب و خاک

مقاله 8، دوره 38، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 93، فروردین و اردیبهشت 1403، صفحه 127-142   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.2024.85725.1362

نویسندگان

طالب نظری¹؛ مجتبی بارانی مطلق^{* 1}؛ سید امید رستگار²؛ محمد حسین سدری³

¹گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

²گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

³بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کردستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

استروویت (فسفات آمونیوم منیزیم) یک ماده معدنی با حلالیت کم در آب است که به‌طور افزاینده­ی از تصفیه خانه­های فاضلاب بازیابی می­شود. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی اثر استروویت جایگزین شده با کود سوپر فسفات تریپل بر شاخص­های فیزیولوژیکی و فراهمی فسفر در گیاه گندم بود. بدین منظور آزمایشی فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در 3 تکرار به‌صورت گلدانی به مدت 10 هفته به اجرا درآمد. فاکتورها شامل کاربرد نسبت­های مختلف کود استروویت جایگزین شده با سوپر فسفات تریپل (S0:P100، S25:P75، S50:P50، S75:P25 و S100:P0) و 4 سطح فسفر (صفر، 50، 100 و 150 کیلوگرم سوپر فسفات در هکتار) بود. میزان کاربرد استروویت بر اساس مقدار فسفر کل (P₂O₅) سوپر فسفات تریپل محاسبه شد. بر پایه نتایج بدست آمده نوع تیمار کودی و سطوح مصرف و اثر متقابل آنها بر تمامی تیمارهای مورد بررسی بجز وزن تر و ارتفاع، در سطح احتمال یک درصد (p < 0.01) معنی­دار شد. مقایسه میانگین داده­ها نشان داد بیشترین مقدار وزن تر اندام­هوایی 79/7 گرم در گلدان، وزن خشک اندام هوایی 130/1 گرم در گلدان ، ارتفاع 66/29 سانتی­متر و غلظت فسفر اندام هوایی 174/0 درصد از کاربرد تیمار S75:P25 150 کیلوگرم سوپر فسفات در هکتار بدست آمد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد  S100:P0 150 کیلوگرم سوپر فسفات در هکتار در مقایسه با S0:P100 می­تواند مقادیر کلروفیلa، b، کل و کارتنوئید را به‌ترتیب به­میزان 78/7، 82/3، 44/6 و 84/6 درصد افزایش دهد. با وجود حلالیت کم استروویت (3 تا 5 درصد) به اندازه کود فسفر رایج، برای گیاهان زراعی مؤثر است. بنابراین توصیه می­شود زمان‌بندی و نرخ کاربرد استروویت در رابطه با تقاضای محصولات زراعی و باغی مختلف بهینه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

استروویت؛ سوپر فسفات تریپل؛ فسفر؛ کلروفیل؛ گندم

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