تأثیر زهکشی لانه‌موشی و کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد کلزا به‌عنوان گیاه کشت دوم اراضی شالیزاری در منطقه رشت

آب و خاک

مقاله 3، دوره 38، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 94، خرداد و تیر 1403، صفحه 207-221   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.2024.86500.1374

نویسندگان

ابراهیم کرمیان¹؛ مریم نوابیان¹؛ محمد حسن بیگلوئی^{* 1}؛ محمد ربیعی²

¹گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

²مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، رشت، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر سامانه زهکشی لانه‌موشی و مدیریت کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد کلزا، آزمایشی به‎صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‎های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان در سال زراعی 1402-1401 به‎مرحله اجرا گذاشته شد. کرت‎های اصلی تیمار زهکشی شامل: بدون زهکشی (D₀، شاهد)، زهکشی لانه‎موشی بدون گراول (D₁) و زهکشی لانه‎موشی با گراول (D₂) و کرت‌های فرعی تیمار کود نیتروژن از منبع اوره شامل: 180 کیلوگرم در هکتار (N₁) و 240 کیلوگرم در هکتار (N₂) بودند. گیاه کلزا (Brassica napus) رقم دلگان به‌عنوان گیاه کشت دوم بعد از برداشت برنج انتخاب شد. نتایج تجزیه آماری داده‎ها نشان داد که اثر تیمار زهکشی بر وزن دانه در شاخه فرعی و درصد پروتئین )05/0≥P) و بر وزن دانه در شاخه اصلی، وزن دانه در بوته و عملکرد دانه )01/0≥P)، و اثر تیمار کود بر تعداد دانه در غلاف شاخه فرعی و تعداد دانه در هر غلاف (05/0≥P) و اثر متقابل آن‌ها بر وزن دانه در شاخه اصلی، وزن دانه در بوته و عملکرد دانه )05/0≥P) معنی‌دار بود. بیشترین عملکرد دانه با 48/3579 کیلوگرم بر هکتار در تیمار D₁N₂ بدست آمد که در مقایسه با تیمار بدون زهکشی و زهکشی با گراول با همان سطح کود نیتروژن به‌ترتیب 63/13 و 31/2 درصد بیشتر بود. از آنجا که گیاه کلزا از نظر عملکرد و درصد روغن اهمیت دارد و بین تیمارهای زهکشی و کود نیتروژن از نظر میانگین درصد روغن اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود نداشت، بنابراین می‌توان از دیدگاه عملکرد گیاه، تیمار زهکشی لانه‌موشی بدون گراول با سطح کود 240 کیلوگرم بر هکتار را به‌عنوان گزینه مناسب برای کشت گیاه کلزا بعد از برداشت برنج معرفی کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تعداد دانه در غلاف؛ درصد پروتئین؛ درصد روغن؛ رقم دلگان؛ وزن دانه

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