بررسی عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و کیفیت علوفه در کشت مخلوط کوشیا (Kochia scoparia L.) و لوبیا چشم‌بلبلی (Vigna unguiculata)

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 7، دوره 22، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 74، تیر 1403، صفحه 227-242   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jcesc.2024.86148.1292

نویسندگان

اسماعیل میش مست؛ مهدی دهمرده^* ؛ محمد گلوی؛ عیسی خمری

گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، ایران

چکیده

کاهش کمی و کیفی منابع آب همراه با شوری خاک یکی از مهم‌ترین ویژگی‌های مناطق خشک است و تولید گیاهان شورزیست تحت این شرایط جهت تغذیه دام از پایدارترین روش‌های حفاظت از این مناطق محسوب می‌شود. به‌منظور ارزیابی عملکرد و کیفیت علوفه در کشت مخلوط کوشیا و لوبیا چشم‌بلبلی آزمایشی به‌صورت بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه آموزشی–پژوهشی دانشگاه زابل اجرا شد. الگوهای جایگزینی و افزایشی کشت مخلوط (100 درصد کوشیا (K100)، 50 درصد کوشیا:50 درصد لوبیا (K50:C50)، 25 درصد کوشیا: 75 درصد لوبیا (K25:C75)، 75 درصد کوشیا: 25 درصد لوبیا (K75: C25)، 100 درصد کوشیا: 100 درصد لوبیا (K100: C100)، 50 درصد کوشیا: 100 درصد لوبیا (K50: C100)، 100 درصد کوشیا:50 درصد لوبیا (K100:C50)، 100 درصد لوبیا (100C)) تیمارهای این آزمایش بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد کوشیا (kg.ha^-1 22788) مربوط به تیمار 100C:100K و بیشترین عملکرد اقتصادی لوبیا چشم‌بلبلی (kg.ha^-1 3590.3) مربوط به تک‌کشتی لوبیا بود. برای کوشیا بیشترین درصد پروتئین خام (19.90 درصد) و خاکستر (14.83 درصد) از تیمار K100:C100 به‌دست آمد. در رابطه با خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی لوبیا چشم‌بلبلی بیشترین میزان عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد مربوط به تک‌کشتی لوبیا بود. بیشترین نسبت برابری زمین (1.80) از تیمار K50: C50 به‌دست آمد. افزایش عملکرد، پروتئین خام و قابلیت هضم ماده خشک علوفه کوشیا حاکی از برتری الگوهای افزایشی کشت مخلوط در مقایسه با الگوهای جایگزینی و تک‌کشتی کوشیا بود. از این رو می‌توان گفت که کیفیت علوفه کوشیا در کشت مخلوط با لوبیا چشم‌بلبلی بهبود یافته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پروتئین خام؛ خاکستر؛ قابلیت هضم ماده خشک؛ نسبت برابری زمین

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