بررسی تغییرات برخی خصوصیات زراعی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی آویشن باغی (Thymus vulgaris L.) با کاربرد گونه‌های مایکوریزا و محلول‌پاشی اسید هیومیک

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 2، دوره 22، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 75، مهر 1403، صفحه 261-276   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jcesc.2024.85678.1281

نویسندگان

مهدی طاهری اصغری^{* 1}؛ سید رضا میرعلی زاده فرد²

¹گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

²گروه کشاورزی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر محلول‌پاشی اسید هیومیک و کاربرد قارچ مایکوریزا بر گیاه دارویی آویشن باغی (Thymus vulgaris L.) آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار، طی سال‌های زراعی 1401-1400 و 1400-1399 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تاکستان اجرا شد. عوامل آزمایشی شامل سه گونه قارچ مایکوریزا (شاهد، Glomus mosseae، G.etunicatum و G. intraradices) و سطوح کود اسید هیومیک (شاهد، 150 و 300 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) بود. نتایج نشان داد در تمامی صفات مورد بررسی اثر تیمارها معنی‌دار شد. اثر متقابل مایکوریزا و اسید هیومیک بر درصد و عملکرد اسانس معنی‌دار شد و افزایش بیش از 200 درصد مشاهده شد. کاربرد 300 میلی‌گرم در لیتر اسید هیومیک به‌ترتیب باعث افزایش 14 و 16 درصدی میزان کلونیزاسیون ریشه و درصد فلاونوئید نسبت به شاهد شد و کاربرد مایکوریزا به‌ترتیب افزایش 23 و 30 درصدی در این صفات شد. در ترکیبات اسانس نیز دو ماده تیمول و کارواکرول بیشترین مقدار را داشتند و با اعمال تیمار اسید هیومیک به‌ترتیب 12 و 16 درصد و با اعمال تیمار مایکوریزا به‌ترتیب 19 و 27 درصد افزایش در این صفات مشاهده شد و از این‌رو می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که کیفیت اسانس آویشن تحت اعمال تیمارها بهبود پیدا کرده است. در بین مایکوریزاهای مورد استفاده در این پژوهش نیز کاربرد مایکوریزا G.mosseae کاراتر از دو مایکوریزای دیگر بر صفات مورد بررسی اثرگذار بود. نتایج موجود حاکی از آن است که کاربرد مایکوریزا نسبت به اسید هیومیک اثر بیشتری بر بهبود صفات مورد بررسی داشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تیمول؛ درصد اسانس؛ عملکرد اسانس؛ فلاونوئید؛ کارواکرول

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