ارزیابی وضعیت پتاسیم در خاک جنگل‌های بلوط استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد

آب و خاک

دوره 38، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 96، مهر و آبان 1403، صفحه 511-524   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.2024.89206.1423

نویسندگان

زینب براتی¹؛ حمیدرضا اولیایی^{* 1}؛ ابراهیم ادهمی¹؛ مهدی نجفی قیری²

¹گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

²دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

زیست­بوم جنگل­‌های بلوط زاگرس، از گسترده­ترین اکوسیستم­های جنگلی در حال تخریب در ایران است که از نظر حفاظت آب و خاک و مسائل اقتصادی و اجتماعی اهمیت بالایی دارد. تنش­های رطوبتی در سال‌های اخیر موجب رو به زوال رفتن این جنگل‌ها در گستره وسیعی شده­است. مقدار و شکل عنصر پتاسیم در خاک با توجه به نقشی که این عنصر در مقاومت گیاه به تنش رطوبتی دارد، اهمیت زیادی دارد. این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی وضعیت کلی پتاسیم در خاک و درختان بلوط در 10 منطقه جنگلی در استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد و معرفی عصاره‌گیرهای مناسب برای استخراج پتاسیم صورت گرفت. عصاره‌گیرهای مورد استفاده شامل کلرید سدیم 1 و 2 مولار، کلرید کلسیم 01/0 مولار، مورگان، بیکربنات آمونیم-DTPA، استات آمونیم 1 و 25/0 مولار، استات سدیم 1 مولار، استات منیزیم 1 مولار، اسید نیتریک 1/0 مولار، اسید کلریدریک 2 مولار و اسید سولفوریک 025/0 مولار بوده­اند. میانگین پتاسیم محلول، تبادلی، غیرتبادلی، ساختمانی و کل به‌ترتیب 4/15، 247، 515، 4026 و 4493 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم خاک بوده است. پتاسیم استخراج شده توسط عصاره‌گیرهای DTPA، استات آمونیوم 25/0 مولار و کلرید سدیم 1 مولار، بیشترین همبستگی را با پتاسیم برگ بلوط نشان دادند. مقدار پتاسیم موجود در برگ بلوط (در دامنه 65/0 تا 18/1 درصد) همبستگی معناداری با پتاسیم تبادلی خاک نشان داد. نتایج نشان داد که میزان پتاسیم در نیمی از نمونه­های گیاه کمتر از حد بحرانی بوده­است. عصاره‌گیرهای کلرید­سدیم 1 مولار و استات­آمونیوم 25/0 مولار، به‌دلیل همبستگی بیشتر، سادگی روش و اقتصادی­بودن جهت استخراج پتاسیم پیشنهاد می­گردند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

استات آمونیوم؛ برگ بلوط؛ پتاسیم تبادلی؛ خاک جنگل

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