ارزیابی هندسه و بررسی تغییرات حجم اشباع و غیراشباع آبخوان مشهد - چناران

مهندسی عمران فردوسی

مقاله 1، دوره 37، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 48، بهمن 1403، صفحه 1-18   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jfcei.2024.87150.1287

نویسندگان

حسین محمدزاده^{* 1}؛ راهله شهریاری²؛ ناصر حافظی مقدس²؛ اعظم قزی³

¹گروه پژوهشی تحقیقات آب‌های زیرزمینی و ژئوترمال (متاب)، پژوهشکده آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد.

²گروه زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

³مهندسین مشاور زمین فیزیک پویا

چکیده

ارزیابی هندسه آبخوان برای تعیین ضخامت آبرفت، تخمین ذخیره آبخوان، پیش‌بینی آب زیرزمینی قابل استحصال و همچنین استفاده بهینه از منابع آب زیرزمینی و مدیریت آبخوان‌ها ضروری است. در این مقاله، هندسه و تغییرات حجم بخش‌های اشباع و غیراشباع این آبخوان مشهد- چناران در بازه زمانی 30 ساله (1370-1400) مورد ارزیابی قرارگرفت. جهت تعیین هندسه آبخوان، نقشه‌های پهنه‌بندی تراز سطوح مختلف (سطح آبخوان، ایستابی و سنگ کف آبخوان) تهیه و تغییرات ضخامت آبخوان و حجم آن برآورد شد. نتایج نشان داد، کاهش حجم بخش اشباع در بازه زمانی 30 ساله، 420 هزارمیلیون مترمکعب است، که روند کاهشی هیدروگراف معرف آبخوان آن را تائید می‌کند. بیشترین کاهش حجم بخش اشباع در دهه80، به دلیل برداشت‌ زیاد از آبخوان صورت گرفته است، اما در دهه 90 آبخوان وضعیت بهتری نشان می‌دهد. هرچند در‌نتیجه نفوذ پساب و فاضلاب شهری به آبخوان و همچنین انتقال آب از سد دوستی، در برخی نقاط کاهش جزئی در سرعت افت سطح ایستابی دیده می‌شود، اما به دلیل فشردگی و کاهش آبدهی ویژه مواد سفره، آبدهی آبخوان کاهش‌یافته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

هندسه آبخوان؛ ضخامت آبرفت؛ حجم اشباع؛ مشهد&ndash؛ چناران

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