تاثیر فرآیند نورد بر خواص مواد تولید شده به روش ساخت افزایشی (پرینت سه‌بعدی): مقاله مروری

مهندسی متالورژی و مواد

مقاله 2، دوره 35، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 36، بهمن 1403، صفحه 19-44   

نوع مقاله: مقاله مروری

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jmme.2024.89703.1156

نویسندگان

سید میثم شریف موسوی؛ فرشاد نظری^* ؛ رضا مسلمانی

دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

فرآیند نورد از رو‌ش‌های رایج و پرکاربرد در تولید و شکل دهی قطعات مختلف می‌باشد. فرآیند نورد خواص مکانیکی و ریزساختار مواد را تحت تاثیر قرارداده که این امر در تولید محصولات اهمیت فراوانی دارند. چاپ سه‌بعدی یا ساخت افزایشی از روش‌های جدید در تولید قطعات محسوب شده که توانایی ساخت قطعات را بطور مستقیم از روی مدل‌های دیجیتال داد. این فرآیند مبتنی بر ساخت قطعات بصورت لایه لایه بوده و می‌تواند قطعات مختلف را در زمان کوتاه و با دقت بالا تولید نماید. ویژگی‌های منحصر به‌ فرد روش ساخت افزایشی مانند آزادی در طراحی، عدم نیاز به قالب و تجهیزات کمکی، تولید قطعات پیچیده و یکپارچه‌سازی قطعات موجب توجه بسیاری از صنایع مانند هوافضا، نفت و گاز، صنایع دریایی و خودرو به استفاده از این روش تولیدی شده است. البته مشکلاتی مانند وجود عیوب ساختاری، اعوجاج، تنش پسماند و ناهمسانگردی خواص مکانیکی مواد از چالش‌های موجود در تولید افزایشی یا پرینت سه‌بعدی قطعات محسوب می‌شود. استفاده از فرآیند نورد جهت اصلاح قطعات پرینت سه‌بعدی شده، یکی از روش‌های بهبود میکروساختار و خواص مکانیکی مواد می‌باشد. استفاده از ترکیب فرآیند نورد و ساخت افزایشی می‌تواند با همگن سازی و ریزدانه‌کردن ساختار ماده سبب افزایش سختی و استحکام شده و قابلیت افزایش طول را نیز بهبود بخشد. همچنین این فرآیند توانایی کاهش اعوجاج و تنش پسماند را در قطعات تولید شده با روش ساخت افزایشی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

نورد؛ پرینت سه‌بعدی؛ ساخت افزایشی؛ خواص مکانیکی؛ ریز ساختار؛ تنش پسماند

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