Investigating the Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Osteogenic Properties of OsvehOss Synthetic Bone Graft Substitutes as Orthopedic Implant Materials

Journal of Cell and Molecular Research

دوره 16، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 31، دی 2024، صفحه 25-35   

نوع مقاله: Research Articles

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jcmr.2024.87812.1094

نویسندگان

Heydar Khadivi Ayask¹؛ Nasrin Sasani¹؛ Halimeh Hassanzadeh^{2، 3}؛ Masoud Golestanipour⁴؛ Ahmad Moloodi⁴؛ Vahide Sadat Ebrahimi¹؛ Maryam M. Matin^{* 3، 5}

¹Osveh Asia Medical Instrument Company, Mashhad, Iran

²Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR)-Khorasan Razavi, Mashhad, Iran

³Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

⁴Materials Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran

⁵Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

چکیده

Bone graft substitutes are used in bone tissue engineering, orthopedics, and dentistry to help bone repair. The sterility and pyrogenicity of the bone grafts before clinical use are considered part of the regulatory requirements, however sterilization of biomaterials is challenging due to the physicochemical changes resulting from the localized increase in gamma dose during irradiation. The effects of gamma radiation dose on the biological behavior of synthetic bone grafts have not been extensively investigated. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of gamma radiation sterilization doses on OsvehOss synthetic bone grafts via chemical, mechanical, and in vitro biological examinations. XRD analysis and compression test were carried out to evaluate the chemical and mechanical changes of synthetic bone grafts induced by the highest gamma radiation dose applied in this study. Human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells were used to assay their osteogenic response while grown on a biphasic bone graft substitute. Cell attachment and proliferation were confirmed via scanning electron microscopy on days 3, 7, and 14 of culture. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was determined to assess osteogenesis. Alizarin red S (ARS) staining was also used to identify calcium deposition in osteocytes developed after differentiation of MG-63 cells. Our results illustrated that gamma irradiation did not cause dose-dependent changes in chemical and mechanical properties of OsvehOss BCP (Biphasic Calcium Phosphate) bone grafts when the doses increased up to 50 kGy. Furthermore, OsvehOss BCP samples demonstrated high osteoconductivity in all irradiation treatment groups. ALP and ARS analyses also indicated that the application of irradiation doses up to 50 kGy for sterilization of OsvehOss BCP grafts had no significant effects on osteogenesis and calcium deposition in osteoblast cells cultured on grafts. In conclusion, OsvehOss biomaterials can be sterilized safely for biomedical applications.

کلیدواژه‌ها

biphasic bone graft substitutes؛ gamma irradiation؛ MG-63 cells؛ osteogenesis