A Critical Analysis of the Validity of the Savor of Divine Law (Mazāq-i Sharīʿat) in Deducing Islamic Rulings

فقه و اصول (Fiqh va uṣūl)

Article 2, Volume 56, Issue 3 - Serial Number 138, November 2024, Pages 39-60   

Document Type: Original Article

DOI: 10.22067/jfiqh.2023.81075.1535

Authors

said ahmadifar^{* 1}; Mohammad Bagheri Shahroudi²

¹Assistant Professor, Department of Jurisprudence and Fundamentals of Law, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Knowledge, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran

²Foreign teacher of jurisprudence and principles of Qom seminary

Abstract

The present study aims at critiquing the validity of the Savor of Divine Law (Maẕāq-i Sharīʿat.) in deducing Islamic rulings. It is conducted using the descriptive-analytical method with a critical approach, and information and data have been collected through library research.
The Savor of Divine Law (Maẕāq-i Sharīʿat) is an intermediary between jurisprudential and ijtihādī reasons; meaning that when the jurist cannot find a general or specific reason for jurisprudential issues, he turns to this rule before deducing from various sources across legal branches. By relying on this as a speculative proof (ʾamara-yi ẓannī) in different issues, the jurist discovers the corresponding ruling. This study illustrates that various arguments have been cited to assert the validity of this rule as a source for deducing Islamic rulings. These include Sīra-yi ʿuqalāʾ (life of the wise), ʾiṭmīnān (assuredness), milāk-i ḥujjīyat-i khabar-i vāḥid (the validity of single information), istishmām az rivāyāt, and referring to deduction (istiqrāʾ). Analysis shows that all the aforementioned arguments are subject to critique and rejection, and the validity of Maẕāq-i Sharīʿat is disputable as a source for deducing Islamic rulings. Therefore, it is ruled as invalid.

Keywords

validity of Savor of Diving Law (Maẕāq-i sharīʿat); Savor of Divine Law and deducing Islamic rulings; speculative proof (ʾamāra-yi ẓannī)

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