برآورد سطح پهنه‌های مناسب توسعه کاشت بادام (Amygdalus communis L.) دیم در استان فارس با بهره‌گیری از سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS)

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 6، دوره 16، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 62، دی 1404، صفحه 683-711   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/agry.2024.87067.1193

نویسندگان

آیت اله کرمی^{* 1}؛ علیرضا صالحی²؛ ویدا علی یاری¹

¹گروه مدیریت توسعه روستایی،دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران.

²گروه جنگل، مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه یاسوج یاسوج، ایران

چکیده

تجزیه و تحلیل تناسب زمین به پیش­نیازی برای استفاده بهینه از منابع موجود زمین برای استفاده پایدار از اراضی با توجه به توانمندی آن­ها تبدیل شده است. هدف از این مطالعه، برآورد سطح پهنه­های مناسب توسعه کاشت بادام (.Amygdalus communis L) دیم در استان فارس با ادغام الگوریتم تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP) - فازی با سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) است. با استفاده از AHP، وزن چهار معیار (شامل اقلیمی، توپوگرافی، سازگاری محیطی و اجتماعی- اقتصادی) و 14 زیرمعیار مؤثر بر کاشت بادام دیم تعیین شد. براساس یافته­ها، میانگین بارش سالیانه به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین زیرمعیار برای کاشت درخت بادام دیم تعیین شد و پس از آن، به‌ترتیب زیرمعیارهای ارتفاع، میانگین دمای رشد جوانه، رطوبت نسبی مرحله گل‌دهی از اهمیت بیشتری برخوردار بودند. پس از فازی­سازی نقشه­ها و ترکیب امتیازهای فازی و وزن­های به‌دست آمده، نقشه­های موضوعی برای هر یک از معیارها ارائه شد. بررسی نقشه­ها نشان داد که مهم‌ترین معیارهای محدودکننده برای کاشت بادام دیم در استان فارس شامل شرایط اقلیمی (بارش، میانگین حداقل دمای مرحله گل‌دهی، میانگین دمای تشکیل میوه و مرحله رسیدن) و توپوگرافی (درصد شیب و ارتفاع) است. براساس یافته­ها، استان فارس از پتانسیل مطلوبی برای کاشت بادام دیم برخوردار می­باشد، به­گونه­ای که اراضی بسیار مناسب، مناسب و نسبتاً مناسب برای کاشت بادام به‌ترتیب 02/9، 46/16 و 63/21 درصد از مساحت استان را شامل می­شود. تناسب 09/17 درصد از استان فارس اندک بوده و 01/5 درصد برای کاشت بادام نامناسب می­باشد. همچنین 79/30 درصد از کل سطح استان فارس به‌دلیل نوع کاربری اراضی برای کاشت بادام پیشنهاد نمی­شود. به‌طور کلی، تحلیل نقشه تناسب نهایی نشان داد که نواحی شمال غربی، غرب و جنوب غربی استان فارس از توانمندی مناسب و نواحی جنوب شرقی استان فارس از توانمندی نامناسبی برای کاشت درخت بادام دیم برخوردار هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

: اقتصاد روستایی؛ امکان‌سنجی؛ پهنه‌بندی؛ مکان‌یابی

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