تبیین الگوهای موقعیت طراحی بر پایه تجربه تنانی (نمونه موردی: دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز)

مطالعات طراحی معماری و شهرسازی زمینه گرا

دوره 1، شماره 1، فروردین 1404، صفحه 18-42   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/context.2025.90076.1001

نویسندگان

المیرا کریمی پور^{* 1}؛ حامد بیتی²؛ لیلا مدقالچی²

¹دانشجوی دکتری معماری اسلامی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، ایران

²دانشیار معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، ایران

چکیده

آموزش طراحی معماری، وابسته به آموزش مهارت‌هایی است که فرد را از طریق راهبردهایی در عرصۀ دانش عملی از جمله رجوع به مصادیق و سوابق معماری می‌آموزد. هر عملی مبتنی بر انواعی از معرفت های ضمنی و تصریحی است و معرفت ضمنی، دارای ریشه تنانی بوده تا از طریق خاطره تنانی در حافظه ثبت شود. از آنجا که حواس انسان در دریافت‌های تنانی او شرکت کرده و در قضاوت وی اثر می‌گذارد؛ بر اثر تحریک مدرکات حسی، انسان به‌طور ذهنی از طریق نورون‌های آیینه‌ای در سیستم عصبی، آن مُدرک را شبیه‌سازی یا تنانی می‌کند. لذا معمار می‌تواند در مواجهه با موقعیت‌های مشابه طبق الگوهای موقعیت طراحی که طی تجربه آموخته، برخورد کند. پژوهش با هدف ارتقای آموزش معماری از طریق راهبرد رجوع به مصادیق معماری، در پی پاسخ به این پرسش بود که «چگونه می‌توان از تجربیات تنانی به ارائه الگوهای موقعیت طراحی رسید؟». در این راستا، پژوهش به صورت کیفی در دو مرحله صورت گرفت. در مرحله کاوش‌نظری تحقیق به‌صورت توصیفی-تحلیلی، به جمع‌آوری اطلاعات‌کتابخانه‌ای پرداخته و سپس در مرحله کاوش‌عملی به‌صورت اکتشافی، با روش پدیدارشناختی از طریق مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاری بر پایه سه سوال محوری تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری، ادامه یافت. تحلیل کیفی متن مصاحبه‌ها به روش ماکس ون منن و کدگذاری به روش کرسول انجام گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

الگوهای موقعیت طراحی؛ مصادیق معماری؛ نورون‌های آیینه‌ای؛ شبیه سازی تنانی؛ ادراک حسی

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