IInvestigating the Impact of Socio-cultural Resilience Dimensions of Coastal Regions on Sustainable Tourism Development (Case Study: Coastal Regions of Bushehr)

Journal of Research and Rural Planning

دوره 13، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 47، اردیبهشت 2025، صفحه 81-96   

نوع مقاله: Original Article

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jrrp.v13i4.2410-1112

نویسندگان

Iraj Mohebizadeh؛ Golamreza Jafarinia^* ؛ Habib Pasalarzadeh

Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran.

چکیده

Purpose- Coastal regions are some of the most popular tourism destinations worldwide and tourism can be a promising tool for enhancing dimensions of social-cultural resilience. The more resilient a community is to sudden, unexpected, or chronic economic, political, social, and environmental (negative) events, the less vulnerable it is to these disruptions. This study aimed to investigate the impact of socio-cultural resilience dimensions of coastal regions on sustainable tourism development in coastal regions of Bushehr, Iran.
 Design/methodology/approach- This study is applied in terms of its objective and is correlational-descriptive in nature. Based on the type of data collected and analyzed, it is a quantitative study. The target population comprised 1686 socio-cultural experts involved in tourism development in Bushehr City. A sample of 313 participants was selected using random sampling, based on Cochran's formula. The study utilized two questionnaires: a Sustainable Tourism Development questionnaire and a Socio-Cultural Resilience questionnaire. Smart Plus and SPSS software version 26, and parametric, and nonparametric statistical tests were used to analyze the findings.
Findings- The results showed a significant positive relationship between socio-cultural resilience in coastal regions and the level of tourism development in Bushehr Province. The regression coefficient for the impact of sociocultural resilience on tourism development as a dependent variable was 0.767. The regression coefficients for the cultural, environmental, economic, and social dimensions were 0.713, 0.839, 0.773, and 0.611, respectively. The coefficient of determination (R²) for sustainable tourism development was 0.589, indicating that 58.9% of the variance in sustainable tourism development in coastal areas can be explained by sociocultural resilience. The R² values ​​for the cultural, environmental, economic and social dimensions were 0.508 (50.8%), 0.703 (70.3%), 0.597 (59.7%) and 0.373 (37.3%), respectively.
Practical implications- The results of this study have significant implications for the development of public policies related to sustainable tourism. In conclusion, given the diverse tourism opportunities and potentials of Bushehr Province in coastal areas, especially in the field of water and coastal sports, tourism managers and planners as well as researchers and scientists must show the necessary commitment to the formation and development of this industry through proper planning and determining appropriate strategies. It concludes by presenting some policy-making guidelines for a tourism destination manager.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Tourism؛ Social Resilience؛ Cultural Resilience؛ Sustainable Development

مراجع

1. Ahmadivostakolaei, M., Ranjgar, B., Moghimi, A., & Izadi, M. S. (2024). A Study of the Impact of Urban Spaces on Social Resilience in case of Natural Disasters: Insights from Citizens Affected by March 2019 Flood in Aq Qala City, Iran. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 104862. [In Persian] https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104862
2. Alamineh, G. A., Hussein, J. W., Mulu, Y. E., & Taddesse, B. (2023). The negative cultural impact of tourism and its implication on sustainable development in Amhara Regional State. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 10(1), 2224597. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2023.2224597 
3. Alizadeh, H., & Mahmoudi beram, M. (2023). Explaining The Role of Social Capital in The Realizing Social Resilience During The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study in Ahvaz Metropolitan Area. Geographical Urban Planning Research (GUPR), 11(1), 71-86. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10.22059/jurbangeo.2023.350662.1752
4. Baloch, Q. B., Shah, S. N., Iqbal, N., Sheeraz, M., Asadullah, M., Mahar, S., & Khan, A. U. (2023). Impact of tourism development upon environmental sustainability: a suggested framework for sustainable ecotourism. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(3), 5917-5930. https://doi.org/11007/s11356-022-22496-w 
5. Barghi, H., Hashemi, S., & Jafari, N. (2017). The Measurement of Environmental Resilience of Villages against Earthquake Hazard (Case Study: Mojezat Dehestan in Zanjan County). Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 6(1), 81-97. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10.22067/jrrp.v6i1.53038 
6. Britannica, T. (2020). Editors of encyclopaedia. Encyclopedia Britannica.
7. Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Modern methods for business research/Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
8. Choi, H. C., & Sirakaya, E. (2006). Sustainability indicators for managing community tourism. Tourism management, 27(6), 1274-1289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2005.05.018 
9. Clar, C., Löschner, L., Nordbeck, R., Fischer, T., & Thaler, T. (2021). Population dynamics and natural hazard risk management: conceptual and practical linkages for the case of Austrian policy making. Natural hazards, 105, 1765-1796. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-020-04376-z
10. Dai, S., Xu, H., & Chen, F. (2019). A hierarchical measurement model of perceived resilience of urban tourism destination. Social Indicators Research, 145(2), 777-804. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-019-02117-9 
11. Dias, Á., Viana, J., & Pereira, L. (2024). Barriers and policies affecting the implementation of sustainable tourism: the Portuguese experience. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 1-19. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/19407963.2024.2314514
12. Eghbali, M., Motavi, S., Janbaz Ghobadi, G., & Gholami, S. (2021). Investigating the Effect of Social Dimensions of Urban Resilience on Sustainable Tourism Development Case Study: Mahmudabad City. urban tourism, 8(3), 1-16. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10.22059/jut.2021.325464.913
13. Folke, C., Carpenter, S. R., Walker, B., Scheffer, M., Chapin, T., & Rockström, J. (2010). Resilience thinking: integrating resilience, adaptability and transformability. Ecology and Society, 15(4). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-03610-150420 
14. Gunaratne, C. D., & Kremer, P. J. (2021). The long-term impact of the 2004 tsunami on Sri Lankan survivors: Exploring the socio-cultural influences on resilience. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 64, 102519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102519
15. Haghlesan, M., & Arbabi Bostan Abad, S. (2023). The Impact of Tourism on Sustainable Urban Development from an Economic Perspective: A Case Study of Bostan Abad City. Urban Economics and Planning, 4(1), 130-142. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10.22034/uep.2023.385508.1329 
16. Hahn, T., & Nykvist, B. (2017). Are adaptations self-organized, autonomous, and harmonious? Assessing the social–ecological resilience literature. Ecology and Society, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-09026-220112 
17. Henseler, J., Hubona, G., & Ray, P. A. (2016). Using PLS path modeling in new technology research: updated guidelines. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 116(1), 2-20. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-09-2015-0382 
18. Holladay, P. J. (2018). Destination resilience and sustainable tourism development. Tourism Review International, 22(3-4), 251-261. https://doi.org/10.3727/154427218X15369305779029 
19. Holladay, P. J., & Powell, R. B. (2013). Resident perceptions of social–ecological resilience and the sustainability of community-based tourism development in the Commonwealth of Dominica. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 21(8), 1188-1211. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2013.776059 
20. Holladay, P. J., & Powell, R. B. (2016). Social-ecological resilience and stakeholders: A qualitative inquiry into community-based tourism in the Commonwealth of Dominica. Caribbean studies, 3-28.
21. Holling, C. S. (1973). Resilience and stability of ecological systems.
22. Holling, C. S., & Gunderson, L. H. (2002). Panarchy: understanding transformations in human and natural systems. Island Press.
23. Hosseini, A., Yadala Nia, H., Mohammadi, M., & Shekari, S. (2020). Analysis of social resilience based on social capital indicators in Tehran. Sustainable city, 3(1), 19-39. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10.22034/jsc.2020.218514.1192 
24. Kapucu, N., Ge, Y., Rott, E., & Isgandar, H. (2024). Urban Resilience: Multidimensional Perspectives, Challenges and Prospects for Future Research. Urban Governance. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ugj.2024.09.003 
25. Kim, H., & Marcouiller, D. W. (2015). Considering disaster vulnerability and resiliency: The case of hurricane effects on tourism-based economies. The Annals of Regional Science, 54, 945-971. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-015-0707-8 
26. Kim, S., & Kang, Y. (2020). Why do residents in an overtourism destination develop anti-tourist attitudes? An exploration of residents’ experience through the lens of the community-based tourism. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 25(8), 858-876. https://doi.org/1080/10941665.2020.1768129 
27. Krittayaruangroj, K., Suriyankietkaew, S., & Hallinger, P. (2023). Research on sustainability in community-based tourism: a bibliometric review and future directions. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 28(9), 1031-1051. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2023.2276477 
28. Lv, Y., Sarker, M. N. I., & Firdaus, R. R. (2024). Disaster resilience in climate-vulnerable community context: conceptual analysis. Ecological Indicators, 158, 111527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.111527
29. Moridsadat, P., Roumiani, A., & Sanaei Moghaddam, S. (2021). Prioritizing tourism destination waterfall for tourism investment and development in Lorestan Province, Iran. Sustainable Earth Trends, 1(3), 46-54. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10.48308/sustainearth.2021.99017
30. Morrison, A. M., & Maxim, C. (2021). World tourism cities: a systematic approach to urban tourism. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003111412 
31. Movahedi, R., & Amiri, F. (2023). Effects of Tourism on Rural Employment (Case Study: Varkāneh Village of Hamedan County). Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 12(4), 1-17. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10.22067/jrrp.v12i4.2304-1078
32. Naylor, R. S., Hunt, C. A., Zimmerer, K. S., & Taff, B. D. (2021). Emic views of community resilience and coastal tourism development. Societies, 11(3), 94. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc11030094
33. Nuissl, H., & Siedentop, S. (2021). Urbanisation and land use change. Sustainable land management in a European context: a co-design approach, 75-99. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50841-8_5 
34. Pashnezhad Sielab, E., Rafieyan, M., & Pourtaheri, M. (2017). Spatial Assessment of the Relationship between Environmental Vulnerability and Rural Community Resilience in East-Azerbaijan Province. Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 6(2), 93-107. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10.22067/jrrp.v6i2.57081 
35. Redman, C. L. (2014). Should sustainability and resilience be combined or remain distinct pursuits? Ecology and Society, 19(2). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-06390-190237 
36. Streimikiene, D., Svagzdiene, B., Jasinskas, E., & Simanavicius, A. (2021). Sustainable tourism development and competitiveness: The systematic literature review. Sustainable development, 29(1), 259-271. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2133 
37. Yustiana, D., Fadli, M., Kusumaningrum, A., & Solimun, S. (2021). Analysis Study Of Coastal Reclamation Impact To The National Resilience (A Literary, Philosophical, Juridical And Sociological Approach). Sttal Postgraduate-International Conference, https://seminarpasca-sttal.ac.id/seminar/index.php/seminarpasca-sttal/article/view/65 
38. Zalaghi, S., Amiri, A., & Moradi, H. (2022). Proposing a Structural Equation Model for Feasibility of Rural Tourism Development (Case Study: Gaikan Village of Aligudarz County). Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 11(1), 41-58. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10.22067/jrrp.V11i1.2106.1015 
39. Zamani, B. E., Saeedi, Z., & Abedi, A. (2011). Effectiveness and Sustainability of Impact of Using Multimedia on Students' Self-regulation and Academic Achievement in Mathematics at High School First Grade. New Educational Approaches  6(2), 1-22. [In Persian] https://nea.ui.ac.ir/article_19065_en.html
40. Zarrabi, A., Abbassi, S., & Meshkini, A. (2021). Evaluation of Sustainable Urban Development with Emphasis on Resilience Approach in Informal Settlements (Case Study: Informal Settlements in Sanandaj). Geography and Planning, 24(74), 119-133. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10.22034/gp.2021.10776