Comparison of the Immunogenicity of Different Proportions of Chitosan Adjuvant in Attenuated Neospora caninum Vaccine in BALB/c Mice

Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology

مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 30 مهر 1404   

نوع مقاله: Research Article

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijvst.2025.94043.1567

نویسندگان

Seyed Reza Hosseini^{* 1}؛ Milad Hamzehali Tehrani²؛ marzieh kefayat³؛ Amir Hosein Norouzi³

¹Department of veterinary medicine, Shk. C. Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.

²Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

³Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.

چکیده

Neosporosis is a neuromuscular infectious disease in dogs caused by the protozoan N. caninum. This disease is globally distributed; dogs and canines are the definitive hosts, while a wide range of animals serve as intermediate hosts. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the immunogenicity of different proportions of chitosan adjuvant in an attenuated N. caninum vaccine in BALB/c mice. Twenty-eight BALB/c mice were divided into four groups of seven. Groups 1, 2, and 3 were subcutaneously immunized with attenuated tachyzoites of N. caninum strain Nc-1 combined with micronized chitosan adjuvant at concentrations of 10%, 50%, and 90%, respectively. The fourth group served as the control. All groups were monitored daily over a three-week period. Following sample collection, antibody titters were quantified using ELISA, and cellular immune responses were evaluated by measuring IFN-γ levels with a commercially available assay kit. According to ELISA results, the highest antibody levels were observed in the group immunized with the attenuated N. caninum strain plus 90% chitosan adjuvant, showing a significant difference compared to the control and other groups (P < 0.05). Measurement of IFN-γ revealed that the strongest cellular immune response was observed in the group immunized with 90% chitosan adjuvant, with significant differences compared to the control and other groups (P < 0.05). Based on these findings and the considerable effect of chitosan adjuvant on both antibody titers and cellular immunity, the use of this adjuvant is recommended in the development of Neospora vaccines.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Vaccine؛ Neospora caninum؛ Adjuvant؛ Chitosan