تأثیر شاخص‌های حکمرانی خوب و آزادی‌های سیاسی- مدنی بر شاخص عملکرد زیست‌محیطی: تجزیه‌وتحلیل 101 کشور در جهان

اقتصاد و توسعه منطقه ای

مقاله 3، دوره 26، شماره 17، مرداد 1398، صفحه 63-94   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/erd.v26i17.69596

نویسندگان

علی پورعلی؛ محمدعلی فلاحی^* ؛ علی اکبر ناجی میدانی

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

محیط‌زیست یکی از اصلی‌ترین و مهم‌ترین نگرانی‌ها و دغدغه‌های دولت­ها و جوامع بشری از چند دهه گذشته تاکنون بوده است؛ ازاین‌رو در سال‌های اخیر توجه زیادی به کیفیت محیط‌زیست شده است. ازآنجایی‌که آلودگی محیط‌زیست یک معضل اقتصادی، اجتماعی و حاصل تصمیمات سیاست‌گذاران است، هدف اصلی این مقاله بررسی میزان تأثیر شاخص‌های حکمرانی خوب و آزادی­های سیاسی و مدنی بر شاخص عملکرد زیست‌محیطی EPI در گروه کشورهایی در سطح جهان است که در رتبه‌بندی عملکرد سال‌های 2005 تا 2015 میانگین نمره بالاتر از 50 را کسب نمودند. شاخص EPI به این دلیل انتخاب شد که قابلیت استفاده و نمایندگی سه جنبه مختلف کیفیت زیست‌محیطی یعنی آب، هوا و خاک را دارد. از بین شاخص‌های نهادی- سیاسی، شاخص حکمرانی خوب و آزادی‌های سیاسی و مدنی به دلیل ترکیبی و فراگیر بودن انتخاب شدند. نتایج حاصل از برآورد الگوی داده­های تابلویی از نوع اثرات ثابت با روش حداقل مربعات تعمیم یافته EGLS نشان می‌دهد که شاخص‌های حکمرانی خوب، آزادی‌های سیاسی مدنی، درآمد سرانه و آزادسازی تجاری اثر مثبت و معنی‌داری بر عملکرد زیست‌محیطی دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

حکمرانی خوب؛ آزادی‌های سیاسی و مدنی؛ عملکرد زیست محیطی؛ الگوی داده های تابلویی؛ کشورهای منتخب

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