بررسی اثر هوش فرهنگی بر رفتارهای شهروندی سازمانی از طریق نقش میانجی‌گری همدلی فرهنگی کارکنان

پژوهش نامه مدیریت تحول

مقاله 3، دوره 10، شماره 2، اردیبهشت 1397، صفحه 45-66   

نوع مقاله: مقالات

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/pmt.v10i2.63410

نویسندگان

حامد محمدی شهرودی؛ علی شیرازی^* ؛ فرشته صادقی

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

امروزه با بین‌المللی شدن سازمان‌ها، اهمیت ارتباطات فرهنگی در سازمان‌ها، بخصوص در سازمان‌هایی که فعالیت‌های بین‌المللی دارند، بیشتر می‌شود. هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تأثیر هوش فرهنگی کارکنان بر رفتارهای شهروندی آنان از طریق بهبود یا تقویت همدلی فرهنگی است که رویکردی کمّی دارد و داده­ها با استفاده از روش پیمایش و ابزار پرسشنامه، گردآوری شدند. تعداد اعضای جامعه آماری از کارکنان واحد بین‌المللِ یک شرکت لبنی به تعداد 190 نفر بودند. برای نمونه‌گیری از سرشماری استفاده شد و پرسشنامه‌ها میان تمامی اعضای جامعه آماری توزیع گردید؛ درنهایت تعداد 152 پرسشنامه گردآوری و در تحلیل‌ها مورداستفاده قرار گرفت. به‌منظور تحلیل داده‌های پژوهش نیز از روش مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری و نرم‌افزار اسمارت پی.آل.اس استفاده شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که هوش فرهنگی بر همدلی فرهنگی تأثیر معنادار دارد. بعلاوه، متغیر همدلی فرهنگی نیز بر سه ابعاد جوانمردی، نزاکت و نوع‌دوستی تأثیر معنادار دارد. از طرفی همدلی فرهنگی نیز نقش میانجی را در ارتباط بین هوش فرهنگی و رفتار شهروندی سازمانی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

همدلی فرهنگی؛ هوش فرهنگی؛ جوانمردی؛ نزاکت؛ نوع‌دوستی

مراجع

Ahmadi, Y., Qasemi, Q. (2013). Impact of Cultural Empathy, Social Initiative and Ethnicism on Cultural Intelligence, Journal Management System, 5(20), 129-153. (in Persian).

Alaei, S., & Mirmohammadi, M. (2014). The role and importance of cultural intelligence in cultural management, Cultural Engineering, 77, 169-19. (in Persian).

Alon, I., & Higgins, J. M. (2005). Global leadership success through emotional and cultural intelligences, Business Horizons, 48, 501–512.

Ang, S., Van Dyne, L., Koh, C., & Ng, K. Y. (2004). The measurement of cultural intelligence. Paper presented at the Academy of Management Meeting’s Symposium on Cultural Intelligence in the 21st Century, New Orleans, LA.

Ang, S.; Linn Van D., & Christine K. (2007). Cultural Intelligence: Its Measurement and Effects on Cultural Judgment and Decision Making, Cultural Adaptation and Task Performance, Management and Organization Review, 3(3), 335–371, doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8784.2007.00082.x

Barbuto, Jr.; John E.; Beenen G., & Tran H. (2015). The role of core self-evaluation: ethnocentrism, and cultural intelligence in study abroad success, The International Journal of Management Education, 13, 268-277.

Bienstock, C.; Carol, D.W.; Carol, S., & Rachel, K. (2003). Organizational Citizenship behavior and service quality, Journal of Services Marketing, 17(4), 357-378.

Castro, C.; Enrique, B.; Armario, M., & Ruiz, D.M. (2004). the influence of employee organizational citizenship Behavior on customer loyalty, International Journal of Service Industry Management, 15(1), 27-53, doi.org/10.1108/09564230410523321

Cohen, A., & kol, Y. (2004). Professionalism and Organizational Citizenship behavior, an empirical examination among Israeli nurses, Journal of managerial psychology, 19(4), 386-405, DOI: 10.1108/02683940410537945.

Davis, M. H. (1980). A Multi dimensional Approach to Individual Differences in Empathy, JSAS Catalog of Selected Documents in Psychology, 10, 19-1.

Doaei, H. (2012). Theories and organizational communication processes, Publisher: Nama & Jahan Farda, Mashhad, 90-98. (in Persian).

Earley, P. C., & Ang, S. (2003). Cultural Intelligence and Individual Interaction Across Culture, Stanford business books, 13-16.

Earley, P.C., & Mosakowski, E. (2004). Cultural intelligence, Harvard Business Review, 82, 139–146.

Eidi, H., Honari, H., & Naeri Palangard, A. (2014). Relationship between emotional intelligence and organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior in staff sports federations Islamic Republic of Iran, Human Resource Management in Sport Journal, 1(1), 27-37. (in Persian).

Erturk, A. (2006). Increasing organizational citizenship behaviors of Turkish academicians, Journal of Managerial psychology, 22(3), 257-270, DOI: 10.1108/02683940710733089.

Four dimensions of emotional intelligence. (2011). New attitudes about aspects of emotional intelligence, from:

Golman, D. (2001). Emotional Intelligence, translated by Parsa, N. Roshd Publication. (in Persian).

Guomundsdottir, S. (2015). Nordic expatriates in the US: The relationship between cultural intelligence and adjustment, International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 47, 175–186.

Hadi Zade Moghaddam, A., & Faragian, M. (2008). Effect of emotional intelligence on organizational citizenship behavior with regard to the role of affective commitment (A Case Study of Bank Mellat), Outlook Business Management (landscape management (Order Management)), 7(28), 103-128. (in Persian).

Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Marko, S. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a Silver Bullet, Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139–151.

http://www.modiryar.com/index-management/behavior/mind/ 2024-2011-04-17-11-10-36.html.

Ilan, A.; Michele, B.; Judith M., & Vasyl, T. (2016). The development and validation of the Business Cultural Intelligence Quotient, Cross Cultural & Strategic Management, 23(1), 78-100

Karambayya, R. (1989). Context for organizational citizenship behavior, working paper, York University, North York, Ontario, 97.

Karen, I.; ZEE, V.D., & Pieter, J. (2000). A Multidimensional Instrument of Multicultural Effectiveness, University of Groningen, The Netherlands, in: European Journal of Personality Euro Pers, 14, 291- 309

Karimi, F., Hosoumi, F., & Leith Saffar, Z. (2013). The relationship between emotional intelligence and organizational citizenship behavior of high school teachers in Isfahan), New Approaches in Educational Administration, 1(9), 145-158. (in Persian).

Karroubi, M., Amiri, Z. & Mahmoodzade, S. M. (2016). The impact of cultural intelligence and job performance (Case Study: Tehran, tour guides inputs), Journal of Tourism Planing and Development, 5(18), 119-136. (in Persian).

Keramati, M., Youzbashi, A., & Shateri, K. (2011), The relationship between emotional intelligence and tendency to organizational citizenship behavior, planning and management in education, 3(4), 7-27. (in Persian).

KhaefElahi, A., Doostar, M. (2004). Dimensions of emotional intelligence, Management and Development, 18, 52-62. (in Persian).

Kim, Y.Y., & Gudykunst, W.B. (2003). Theories of Intercultural Communication, Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Livermore, D. (2011). Leading with cultural intelligence, Islamic Azad university, 31-75. (in Persian).

Maldonado, T., & Vera, D. (2014). Leadership skills for international crises: The role of cultural intelligence and improvisation, Organizational Dynamics, 9-18

Martin et al. (1998). An alternative to durative bureaucratic impersonality and emotional labor: Blended emotionality at The Body Shop. Administrative Science Quarterly, 43, 429-469.

Mendenhall, M., & Oddou, G. (1985). The Dimensions of Expatriate Acculturation: A Review, Academy of Management Review, 10(1), 39–47.

Modassir, A. & Singh, T. (2008). Relationship of Emotional Intelligence with Transformational Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior, International Journal of Leadership Studies, 4(1), 3-21.

Moshabbaki, A., & Tizroo, A. (2009). The impact of emotional intelligence and world-class cultural intelligence leadership success, Human Resource Management, 2(3), 53-73. (in Persian).

Organ, D.W. (1988). Organization citizenship behavior: the good soldier syndrome, Lexington book, Lexington, MA.

Patterson, K. A. (2003). Servant leadership: A theoretical model, Dissertation Abstracts International, 64(2), 1-10.

Peterson, B. (2004). Cultural intelligence: A guide to working with people from other cultures, Yarmouth, ME7 Intercultural Press.

Podsakoff, P.M.; MacKenzie S.B.; Paine, J.B., & Bachrach, D. G. (2000). Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: A Critical Review of the Theoretical and Empirical Literature and Suggestions for Future Research, Journal of Management, 26(3), 513-563.

Presbitero, A. (2016). Cultural intelligence (CQ) in virtual: cross-cultural interactions: Generalize ability of measure and links to personality dimensions and task performance, International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 50, 29–38

Rego, A., Sousa, F., Marques, C., & Cunha, MPE. (2012). Authentic leadership promoting employees' psychological capital and creativity. Journal of Business Research, 65(3), 429–437.

Ruben, B. (1976). Assessing Communication Competence for Intercultural Adaptation, Group and Organization Studies, 1, 334–354.

Samooei, R., Tayyebani, T., & Mottaghi, N. (2014). The relationship between emotional intelligence and employee attitudes Organizational Culture in Schools and the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Health Information Management, 3(31), 1-7. (in Persian).

Ward, C., Fischer, R., Lam, F. S. Z., & Hall, L. (2009). The Convergent, Discriminant, and Incremental Validity of Scores on a Self-Report Measure of Cultural Intelligence, Educational and Psychological Measurement, 69(1), 85-105. Doi: 10.1177/ 0013164408322001.

Withfield, D. (2014). Servant-Leadership with Cultural Dimensions in Cross-Cultural Settings, Union Institute and University, printed of IGI Global Review, Academy of Management Review, 10(1), 39–47.