اثر مقادیر مختلف نیتروژن بر اجزای عملکرد، عملکرد و بهره‌وری نیتروژن دو رقم عدس دیم

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 12، دوره 10، شماره 1، مهر 1398، صفحه 155-170   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v10i1.59699

نویسندگان

محمد بنایان¹؛ فاطمه یعقوبی^{* 2}؛ زهرا رشیدی¹؛ سیاوش برده جی³

¹فردوسی مشهد

²دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

³دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر مقادیر مختلف نیتروژن بر عملکرد و اجزای آن و همچنین مطالعه کارآیی جذب، مصرف و بهره‌وری نیتروژن دو رقم عدس دیم، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت­های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال زراعی 95-1394 اجرا گردید. فاکتور اصلی این آزمایش سطوح مختلف کود نیتروژن از منبع اوره (0، 40 و 80‌کیلوگرم در هکتار) و فاکتور فرعی شامل دو رقم عدس دیم (بیرجند و رباط) بود. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین تعداد دانه در غلاف و وزن۱۰۰‌دانه به‌ترتیب در شرایط عدم کاربرد کود نیتروژن و رقم بیرجند و تیمار ۴۰‌کیلوگرم کود نیتروژن در هکتار و رقم رباط حاصل شد. تیمار 40‌کیلوگرم کود نیتروژن در هکتار و رقم بیرجند حداکثر تعداد غلاف در بوته، عملکرد دانه (۲۳/۳۳۸‌کیلوگرم در هکتار)، عملکرد بیولوژیک (۶۸/۳۲۹۱‌کیلوگرم در هکتار)، میزان نیتروژن زیست‌توده و کارآیی جذب نیتروژن را به خود اختصاص داد. بالاترین بهره‌وری نیتروژن بر اساس عملکرد دانه (۳۹/3‌کیلوگرم دانه برکیلوگرم نیتروژن خاک) و زیست­توده (۴۸/۳۳‌کیلوگرم ماده خشک بر‌کیلوگرم خاک) در شرایط عدم استفاده از کود نیتروژن و رقم بیرجند به‌دست آمد که اختلاف معنی­داری با تیمار 40‌کیلوگرم کود نیتروژن در هکتار و رقم بیرجند نداشت. با توجه به نتایج حاصله به‌‌منظور صرفه‌جویی در میزان مصرف کود و جلوگیری از تبعات منفی ناشی از زیادی مصرف آن، مصرف ۴۰‌کیلوگرم کود اوره در هکتار و استفاده از رقم بیرجند با رعایت تاریخ کاشت بهینه (با توجه به دیررس‌بودن آن) برای کشت عدس به‌صورت دیم در منطقه مورد مطالعه، مطلوب به‌نظر می­رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

رقم بیرجند؛ رقم رباط؛ کارایی جذب نیتروژن؛ کارایی مصرف نیتروژن

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