تأثیر منابع تغذیه ای مختلف بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی گوجه‌فرنگی (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) در یک نظام‌ زراعی اکولوژیک

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 8، دوره 29، شماره 2، تابستان 1394، صفحه 216-231  

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhorts4.v0i0.31542

نویسندگان

محمد بهزاد امیری ¹؛ علیرضا کوچکی²؛ مهدی نصیری محلاتی²؛ محسن جهان²

¹مجتمع آموزش عالی گناباد

²دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر کودهای مختلف بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی گوجه‌فرنگی (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 88-1387 به صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعة تحقیقاتی دانشکدة کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد اجرا شد. کود مرغی (صفر و 20 تن در هکتار) و 5 نوع کود مختلف (شامل: کودهای بیولوژیک نیتروکسین (A) (دارای باکتری‌های Azotobacter sp. و Azospirillum sp.) و باکتری‌های حل‌کنندة فسفات (B) (دارای باکتری‌های Bacillus sp. و Pseudomonas sp.)، A+B، مخلوط کود شیمیایی نیتروژن و فسفر و شاهد (عدم‌استفاده از کود) به ترتیب به عنوان فاکتور اصلی و فرعی مد‌‌نظر قرار گرفتند. نتایج آزمایش حاکی از آن بود که کاربرد کود مرغی موجب افزایش 15 درصدی عملکرد کل نسبت به عدم‌کاربرد کود مرغی شد. با‌توجه به نتایج آزمایش بیشترین و کمترین مقدار ویتامین‌ث به‌ترتیب در تیمارهای کود بیولوژیک نیتروکسین (44/11 میلی‌گرم در 100 گرم نمونه) و کود شیمیایی (40/7 میلی‌گرم در 100 گرم نمونه) مشاهده شد. تمامی کودهای بیولوژیک و شیمیایی مورد استفاده در آزمایش میزان لیکوپن را نسبت به شاهد افزایش دادند، به‌طوری که بیشترین میزان لیکوپن در کود بیولوژیک بیوفسفر (38/2 میلی‌گرم در 100 گرم نمونه) بدست آمد. نتایج آزمایش بیانگر آن بود که وزن میوه در بوته در چین اول به مقدار قابل‌توجهی (61 درصد) بیشتر از چین دوم بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بیوفسفر؛ عملکرد؛ لیکوپن؛ نیتروکسین؛ ویتامین‌ث

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