ارزش تغذیه‌ای گیاه خار مریم برای گوسفند و تاثیر آن بر هضم مواد فیبری و پروتئینی

پژوهشهای علوم دامی ایران

مقاله 3، دوره 7، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 23، مهر 1394، صفحه 267-277   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی - تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijasr.v7i3.34753

نویسندگان

علی مجدم¹؛ مرتضی چاجی^{* 1}؛ طاهره محمدآبادی¹؛ صالح طباطبایی وکیلی²

¹دانشکده علوم دامـی و صـنایع غـذایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، خوزستان، ایران.

²دانشـکده علـوم دامی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان، ملاثانی، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

این آزمایش به منظور بررسی گوارش پذیری و تخمیر خار مریم و تاثیر آن بر تخمیر و گوارش مواد فیبری (کاه گندم) و پروتئینی (کنجاله سویا) در گوسفند عربی تغذیه شده با جیره حاوی ذرت انجام پذیرفت. در این آزمایش از 12 راس گوسفند نر با میانگین وزن 22/1±37 کیلوگرم در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی استفاده شد. جیره‌های آزمایشی شامل، جیره شاهد (فاقد خارمریم) و جیره‌های مکمل شده با سطوح مختلف خارمریم (5، 10 و 20 گرم درصد ماده خشک) و طول مدت آزمایش 84 روز بود. در آزمایش دامی ماده خشک مصرفی، قابلیت‌هضم، pH مایع شکمبه، غلظت نیتروژن آمونیاکی مایع شکمبه و متابولیت های خونی اندازه گیری شدند. فراسنجه های تولیدگاز و قابلیت‌هضم آزمایشگاهی مواد مغذی کاه گندم و کنجاله سویا انکوبه شده با مایع شکمبه گوسفندان تغذیه شده با خارمریم نیز اندازه گیری شد. ماده خشک مصرفی، نیتروژن آمونیاکی شکمبه، هضم NDF، گلوکز و نیتروژن اوره‌ای خون در جیره‌های حاوی خارمریم کاهش معنی‌داری نسبت با شاهد داشت. اما قابلیت‌هضم ماده خشک و ADF جیره‌های آزمایشی تحت تاثیر سطوح مختلف خارمریم به صورت عددی افزایش یافت و pH کاهش غیر معنی‌داری نشان داد. جیره‌های حاوی گیاه خارمریم تاثیر منفی بر قابلیت‌هضم و پتانسیل تولیدگاز کاه و کنجاله سویا نداشتند. به طور کلی، نتایج مشخص نمود که استفاده از خارمریم تا سطح 200 گرم در کیلوگرم در جیره تاثیر منفی بر عملکرد و سلامت حیوان ندارد. همچنین افزودن خارمریم به جیره تاثیر منفی بر هضم مواد الیافی (کاه) و پروتئینی (کنجاله سویا) نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تولیدگاز؛ فراسنجه های خونی؛ کاه گندم؛ گوارش پذیری؛ نیتروژن آمونیاکی شکمبه

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