بررسی نقش حفاظتی نیتریک اکسید در کاهش صدمات ناشی از تنش شوری در گیاه همیشه بهار (L. cv. Gitan Orange (Calendula officinalis

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 8، دوره 30، شماره 2، خرداد 1395، صفحه 185-191   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhorts4.v30i2.35847

نویسندگان

مریم جبارزاده^{* 1}؛ علی تهرانی فر¹؛ جعفر امیری²؛ بهرام عابدی¹

¹دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

²دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

شوری یکی از فاکتورهای مهم محیطی است که رشد و نمو گیاهان را تحت تاثیر قرار داده و تولید گیاهان را محدود می‌کند. سدیم نیترو پروسید (SNP) به طور معمول به عنوان ترکیب رها کننده نیتریک اکسید (NO) در گیاهان استفاده می‌شود. نیتریک اکسید رادیکال گازی نسبتاً پایداری است که در غلظت‌های پایین با ممانعت از تولید رادیکال‌های فعال اکسیژن مانع خسارت آن‌ها می‌گردد. این پژوهش به صورت فاکتوریل با طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار، تیمار کلرید سدیم در پنج سطح صفر (شاهد)، 25، 50، 75 و 100 میلی‌مولار و سدیم نیتروپروسید به صورت محلول پاشی برگی درچهار غلظت صفر (شاهد)، 25/0، 5/0 و 75/0 میلی‌مولار انجام شد. بنابر نتایج بدست آمده در این پژوهش، تنش شوری باعث کاهش رشد رویشی گردید و با افزایش غلظت نمک، بیشتر ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک گیاه تحت تاثیر منفی تنش قرار گرفتند. تنش شوری، نیز دارای اثرات منفی قابل توجهی بر ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیکی بود به گونه‌ای که باعث کاهش کلروفیل شد و از طرفی باعث افزایش ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی، پرولین، قند محلول و نشت الکترولیت در گیاه گردید. تیمارهای مختلف سدیم نیتروپروسید توانست به طور معنی‌داری اثر منفی شوری به ویژه در سطوح پایین شوری بر گیاه را کاهش دهد. در بین غلظت‌های مختلف سدیم نیتروپروسید، غلظت 25/0 و 5/0 میلی‌مولار بر روی بهبود صفات مورفولوژیکی، غلظت های 25/0، 5/0 و 75/0 میلی‌مولار بر روی بهبود صفات فیزیولوژیکی و غلظت‌های 5/0 و 75/0 میلی مولار بر روی بهبود صفات بیوشیمیایی موثر واقع شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پرولین؛ گونه‌های فعال اکسیژن؛ سدیم نیتروپروسید؛ قند محلول

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