تأثیر سطوح و منابع متیونین و جایگزینی آن با بتائین بر عملکرد و صفات لاشه جوجه‌های گوشتی در دو شرایط دمایی متداول و تنش گرمایی

پژوهشهای علوم دامی ایران

مقاله 8، دوره 10، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 36، دی 1397، صفحه 525-540   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی- تغذیه طیور

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijasr.v10i4.67924

نویسندگان

فاطمه صاحبی اعلا¹؛ احمد حسن آبادی^{* 2}؛ ابوالقاسم گلیان¹

¹گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

²گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

هدف از این آزمایش بررسی تأثیر سطوح و منابع متیونین و جایگزینی آن با بتائین بر عملکرد و صفات لاشه جوجه‌های گوشتی در دو شرایط دمایی متداول و تنش‌گرمایی از سن 1 تا 42 روزگی بود. 1200 قطعه جوجه‌گوشتی راس ‌308 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با آرایش اسپلیت فاکتوریل با سه سطح متیونین (30 درصد کمتر از احتیاجات، احتیاجات، 30 درصد بیشتر از احتیاجات)×دو منبع متیونین (دی ال و یا ال-متیونین)× دو حالت جایگزینی و یا عدم جایگزینی بتائین مصنوعی با 30 درصد متیونین مصنوعی) × دو شرایط دمایی با 5 تکرار و 10 پرنده در هر تکرار استفاده شد. دمای یکی از سالن‌ها متداول و دیگری از 24-10روزگی روزانه به مدت شش ساعت در °C32 حفظ ‌شد. مصرف خوراک پرندگان تغذیه شده با جیره دارای متیونین بالاتر از احتیاجات به‌طور معنی‌داری کمتر از دو سطح دیگر بود. افزایش وزن در جیره‌های برابر با احتیاجات و بیشتر از احتیاجات متیونین به‌طور معنی‌داری بالاتر بود. ضریب تبدیل در جیره دارای ال-متیونین کمتر از احتیاجات، نسبت به دی‌ال-متیونین در همان سطح بهبود معنی‌داری داشت. شاخص کارایی تولید با افزایش سطح دی‌ال-متیونین جیره بهبود یافت. کمترین سطح متیونین کاهش معنی‌داری در وزن لاشه و ران نسبت به بالاترین سطح متیونین داشت. بالاترین سطح متیونین در دمای متداول، وزن سینه بالاتری نسبت به همان سطح در تنش گرمایی داشت. تنش‌گرمایی عملکرد و تولید لاشه را کاهش و چربی شکمی و تلفات را افزایش داد. به‌طورکلی، بتائین با 30درصد از متیونین مصنوعی جیره قابل جایگزین است و همچنین، ال-متیونین ضریب تبدیل خوراک را نسبت به دی‌ال-متیونین بهبود بخشید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

متیونین؛ بتائین؛ استرس گرمایی؛ عملکرد؛ جوجه گوشتی

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