تاثیر استفاده از مکمل‌های افزودنی‌ بر متابولیت‌های خون، جمعیت میکروبی، نشخوار و انتقال غیرفعال ایمیونوگلوبین‌ها در گوساله‌های هلشتاین

پژوهشهای علوم دامی ایران

مقاله 10، دوره 11، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 38، تیر 1398، صفحه 259-272   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی- فیزیولوژی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijasr.v1397i1.71644

نویسندگان

مسعود دیدارخواه^{* 1}؛ موسی وطن دوست²

¹دانشگاه بیرجند

²دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران

چکیده

در این پژوهش تاثیر افزودن مکمل­های افزودنی به شیر بر شاخص­های عملکردی، متابولیت­های خون، جمعیت میکروبی و انتقال غیرفعال ایمیونوگلوبین­ها به گوساله مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. شانزده راس گوساله ماده هلشتاین تازه متولد شده با میانگین وزن 5/41 در چهار گروه تیماری در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به مدت 60 روز استفاده شد. تیمارها شامل: 1- گروه شاهد (شیر فاقد افزودنی) 2- گروه پروبیوتیک (شیر + دو گرم پروبیوتیک) 3- گروه پری­بیوتیک (شیر + چهار گرم پری­بیوتیک) 4- گروه سین بیوتیک (شیر + دو گرم پروبیوتیک چهار گرم پری­بیوتیک) بود. گوساله­های تغذیه شده با جیره دارای مکمل پروبیوتیک (گروه 2)کمترین مصرف خوراک و بهترین ضریب تبدیل غذایی را درکل دوره نسبت به سایر تیمارها داشتند. غلظت کلسترول کل، غلظت پروتئین کل پلاسما و آلیومین پلاسما تحت تاثیر مکمل­های پروبیوتیکی و پری­بیوتیکی در جیره ها قرار نگرفت و هیچ گونه اختلاف معنی­داری بین جیره­ها مشاهده نشد. مصرف مکمل پروبیوتیک باعث کاهش معنی­داری (05/0P<) غلظت تری­گلیسیریدها در پلاسمای خون، گوساله­های تغذیه شده با مکملهای افزودنی شد. بیشترین غلظت تری­گلیسرید مربوط به گروه شاهد بود که اختلاف معنی­داری (05/0P<) با سایر گروه­ها داشت. کمترین غلظت بتا هیدروکسی بوتیرات مربوط به گروه شاهد بود که اختلاف معنی‌داری (05/0P<) با سایر گروه­ها داشت. در گوساله­های مصرف­کننده پروبیوتیک مقدار جمعیت کل باکتریها به میزان اندک بعد از خوراک دهی افزایش یافت ولی هیچ­گونه اختلاف­معنی­داری در سنین مختلف در بین گروه­های دریافت­کننده مکمل مشاهده نشد. بیشترین مقدار ایمیونوگلوبولینG مربوط به گروهی بود که پروبیوتیک مصرف کرده بودند و با گروه­های شاهد و گروه سین­بیوتیک اختلاف معنی­داری(05/0>P) داشت ولی ازگروه پری­بیوتیک بیشتر بود و این روند در همه سنین 3، 7 و 30 روزگی ادامه داشت. در مجموع، نتایج حاکی از آن است که افزودن مکمل­های پروبیوتیکی در جیره باعث بهبود عملکرد گوساله­های شیری هلشتاین می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ایمیونوگلوبین‌ها؛ جمعیت میکروبی؛ گوساله؛ مکمل افزودنی؛ نشخوارکنندگان

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