ارزیابی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد و نسبت برابری زمین در کشت مخلوط ردیفی کدو پوست-کاغذی (Cucurbita pepo L.) با برخی گیاهان زراعی

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 2، دوره 10، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 38، دی 1397، صفحه 965-981   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jag.v10i4.63921

نویسندگان

سحر مریداحمدی¹؛ سرور خرم دل^{* 1}؛ علیرضا کوچکی¹؛ جواد شباهنگ¹؛ عبداله ملافیلابی²

¹گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

²گروه زیست فناوری مواد غذایی، مؤسسه پژوهشی علوم و صنایع غذایی، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

این آزمایش با هدف بررسی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کدو پوست­کاغذی (Cucurbita pepo L.) در شرایط کشت مخلوط ردیفی با تعدادی از گیاهان دارویی و زراعی، در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار و 11 تیمار در سال زراعی 94-1393 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد انجام شد. تیمارهای کشت مخلوط ردیفی شامل کدو پوست کاغذی با ذرت (Zea mays L.)، ذرت شیرین (Zea mays convar. saccharata)، آفتابگردان (Helianthus annuus L.)، کنجد (Sesamum indicum L.)، کرچک (Ricinus communis L.) و تک­کشتی آنها بود. صفات مورد مطالعه شامل اجزای عملکرد کدو پوست کاغذی (شامل تعداد میوه، وزن میوه، عملکرد میوه، تعداد دانه در میوه، وزن دانه در میوه و وزن 1000 دانه)، عملکرد بیولوژیکی و دانه کدو پوست کاغذی، ذرت، ذرت شیرین، کنجد و کرچک و نسبت برابری زمین (LER) بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثر کشت مخلوط ردیفی با گیاهان زراعی و دارویی بر تعداد میوه، وزن تک­میوه، عملکرد میوه در هکتار، تعداد و وزن دانه در میوه، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک کدو پوست کاغذی معنی­دار بود. بیشترین تعداد میوه کدو پوست کاغذی از کشت خالص با 31650 میوه در هکتار و کمترین تعداد از کشت مخلوط با آفتابگردان با 14386 میوه در هکتار بدست آمد. بیشترین تعداد دانه از کشت مخلوط با آفتابگردان با 75/333 دانه در میوه حاصل شد. بالاترین عملکرد دانه ذرت، ذرت شیرین، آفتابگردان، کنجد و کرچک در کشت خالص به ترتیب برابر با 17/772، 59/437، 69/563، 75/177 و 177 گرم بر متر مربع بدست آمد. بالاترین نسبت برابری زمین برای کشت مخلوط ردیفی کدو پوست کاغذی با ذرت شیرین با 57/1 محاسبه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عملکرد بیولوژیکی؛ عملکرد میوه؛ شاخص برداشت؛ نسبت برابری زمین

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