بررسی اثرات تنش خشکی و سالیسیلیک اسید بر رشد و پارامترهای فیزیولوژیک چهار رقم کلزای بهاره

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 5، دوره 16، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 52، زمستان 1397، صفحه 807-819  

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v16i4.70532

نویسندگان

حمید محمدی ¹؛ رقیه جوادزاده¹؛ بهمن پاسبان اسلام²؛ لاله پرویز¹

¹دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان

²مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان‌شرقی

چکیده

تنش خشکی یکی از مهم‌ترین تنش‌های محیطی است که رشد و نمو گیاهان را محدود می‌کند اما اسید سالیسیلیک هورمون طبیعی است که رشد را کنترل نموده و باعث القاء تحمل به تنش‌های کمبود آب در گیاهان می‌شود. بدین منظور مطالعه‌ای بر روی چهار رقم کلزای بهاره (ظفر، زرفام، دلگان و RGS003) به‌صورت اسپلیت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار تحت تأثیر محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک (صفر و 150 پی‌پی‌ام) و تنش خشکی (عدم تنش، قطع آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی و در مرحله خورجین‌دهی) در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان‌شرقی اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که قطع آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی اثرات منفی شدیدتری بر عملکرد دانه و صفات فیزیولوژیک در مقایسه با قطع آبیاری در مرحله خورجین‌دهی داشت. قطع آبیاری در هر دو مرحله منجر به کاهش محتوای کلروفیل a، b، کل و افزایش معنی‌دار محتوای H2O2 و MDA گردید، همچنین ارقام زرفام و RGS003 بیشترین محتوای کلروفیل و کمترین محتوی H2O2 و MDA را داشتند. محلول‌پاشی با اسید سالیسیلیک به‌ترتیب منجر به افزایش 79/31، 41/1و 33/7 درصدی محتوای پرولین، کربوهیدرات محلول برگ و روغن بذر و کاهش 16/21 و 67/18درصدی محتوای MDA و H2O2 شد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که محلول‌پاشی با اسید سالیسیلیک منجر به افزایش 96/31 درصدی عملکرد دانه تحت شرایط تنش خشکی در مرحله خورجین‌دهی گردید. در کل، تیمار با سالیسیلیک اسید توانست تا حدی اثرات منفی تنش را برطرف نماید و حتی منجر به بهبود عملکرد و بقیه صفات شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

رشد؛ سالیسیلیک اسید؛ شاخص‌های آسیب؛ عملکرد؛ قطع آبیاری

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