تجزیه و تحلیل رویکرد و منافع سه کشور ایران، ترکیه و عربستان در قبال تحولات سوریه

پژوهش ‎های جغرافیای سیاسی

مقاله 5، دوره 4، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 15، آذر 1398، صفحه 105-132   

نوع مقاله: مقالات علمی -پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/pg.v4i3.85206

نویسندگان

حمید درج^{* 1}؛ حسین مسعودنیا²

¹دانشجوی دکتری علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

²دانشیار علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

امروزه بحران سوریه به یکی از مهم‌ترین موضوعات بین­الملل تبدیل‌شده و توجّه بسیاری از بازیگران منطقه­ای و فرامنطقه­ای را به خود معطوف کرده است. در این میان، بررسی رویکرد و منافع سه کشور ایران، ترکیه و عربستان نسبت به این بحران و تلاش هر یک برای شکل­دهی به معادلات و نظم منطقه­ای مطلوب در راستای اهداف و منافع خود و هم‌پیمانان منطقه­ای حائز اهمّیّت فراوان است. سؤال اصلی مقاله این است که سه کشور ایران، ترکیه و عربستان در قبال تحولات سوریه چه رویکرد و منافعی را دنبال می­کنند؟ فرضیّۀ مقاله این است که ایران برای حفظ و افزایش نفوذ راهبردی خود در منطقه شامات به‌ویژه لبنان، به حمایت از بشار اسد برخاسته است. از طرفی، ترکیه اگرچه در ابتدا رویکرد براندازانه را اتخاذ می­کرد؛ اما به خاطر نگرانی از امنیت و ثبات سیاسی خود ناشی از تحولات منطقه کردستان‌نشین سوریه، هم­اکنون سیاست همکاری و همراهی با ایران و روسیه را در پیش گرفته و برای حل بحران سوریه و آیندۀ این کشور، راه­حل دیپلماتیک را دنبال می­کند. همچنین عربستان برای مقابله با نفوذ منطقه­ای ایران و گسترش گفتمان سلفی­گری، همچنان سیاست براندازی اسد را دنبال می­کند. برای تحلیلداده­هاازروشتحلیلِکیفیاستفادهشدهاست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ایران؛ عربستان؛ ترکیه؛ بحران سوریه؛ رئالیسم

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