A Cognitive Representation of Motion Event in Kalhori Kurdish

زبانشناسی و گویش های خراسان

Article 12, Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2020, Pages 281-307   

Document Type: علمی - پژ‍وهشی

DOI: 10.22067/jlkd.2019.39336

Author

Masoud dehghan^*

Assist. Prof. in Linguistics, Dept. of English Language and Linguistics, Faculty of Language and Literature, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran.

Abstract

Motion is an event and mental schema that one experiences from birth and has a universal meaning. This study aimed at investigating the motion event in Kalhori Kurdish dialect based on the Talmy's Lexicalized Patterns Model. To this end, the typological position of Kalhori Kurdish was examined and analyzed based on lexicalized patterns. The study is a descriptive-analytic study. One hundred and thirty motive verbs were collected through interview with Kurdish speakers. The authenticity of the verbs was confirmed by native speakers. The results showed that Kalhori Kurdish uses six conflation patterns, among which the patterns of Motion+Path and Motion+Co-Event have the most applied frequencies, and the other patterns used in this dialect, respectively, the pattern of motion, pattern of Motion+Co-Event+Figure, pattern of Motion+Path+Figure, pattern of Motion+Path+Co-Event have from the lowest to highest frequencies among the patterns. The results also indicate that in this Kurdish dialect, the current construction of verbs, both simple and non-simple, does not follow Talmy's Dual Typology, but the motive verbs in this dialect are both path like and manner like a way that it is part of equipollently-framed language.

Keywords

Typology; Motion Event; Lexicalized Patterns; Kalhori Kurdish; Equipollently-Framed Languages

References

1- ازکیا، ن. (1390). حرکت در زبان فارسی: دیدگاهی شناختی و رده­شناسی. رساله­ی دکتری. تهران: دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات.

2- شاه­حسینی، ف.، و روشن، ب.، و صبوری، ن. ب.، و نجفیان، آ. (1395). بررسی تطبیقی افعال مسیرنمای زبان­های فارسی میانه و نو. فصلنامه­ی علمی پژوهشی پژوهش زبان و ادبیّات فارسی، 3(42)، 193-167.

3- حامدی شیروان، ز.، شریفی، ش. (1393). بررسی رده­شناختی مقوله­ی قمر در ساخت رویدادی افعال حرکتی در زبان فارسی». دوماهنامه­ی جستارهای زبانی، 5(2)، 89-71.

4- مسگر­خویی، م. (1392). بازنمود رویداد حرکت در زبان فارسی: رویکردی شناختی. رساله­ی دکتری. تهران: پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی.

5- Berman, R., & Slobin, D. I. (1994). Relating Events in Narrative: A Crosslinguistic developmental Study. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

6- Evans, V., & Green, M. (2006). Cognitive Linguistics: An Introduction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

7- Cifuentes Feʹrez, P. (2008). Motion in English and Spanish: A Perspective from Cognitive Linguistics, Typology and Psycholinguistics. PhD Thesis, Spain: Universisdad de Murcia.

8- Ibarretxe-Antuñano, I. (2004a). “Motion Events in Basque Narratives”. In S. Strömqvist & L. Verhoeven (Eds.), Relating Events in Narrative: Typological and Contextual Perspectives in Translation. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 89-112.

9- Karimipour, A., & V. Rezai. (2016). Typological Analysis of Ilami Kurdish Verbs of Motion: With Focus on the Concept of Path. DE GRUYTER MOUTON, 69(3), 411-435.

10- Lakoff, G. (1987). Women, fire and dangerous things: What categories reveal about the mind. Chicago: Chicago University Press.

11- Lindsey, T. S. (2011). Bulgarian Verbs of Motion: Slavic Verbs in a Balkan Context. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway, PO Box 1346, Ann Arbor, MI 48106.

12- Saidi, D. (2007). Typology of motion event in Tunisian Arabic. Proceedings of Lingo, 196-203.

13- Slobin, D. I. (2000). “Verbalized events: A dynamic approach to linguistic relativity and determinism”. In S. Niemeyer & R. Dirven (Eds.) Evidence for linguistic relativity. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 107-138.

14- Slobin, D. I. (2004). The Many Ways to Search for a Frog: Linguistic Typology and the Expression of Motion Events. In: S. Strömqvist & L. Verhoeven (Eds.). Relating Events in Narrative: Typological and Contextual Perspectives in Translation, (pp. 219-257). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

15- Talmy, L. (1985). “Lexic liz tion p tterns: Sem ntic structure in lexic l forms”. In T .Shopen (Ed.), Language typology and lexical descriptions: Vol. 3.

16- Grammatical categories and the lexicon. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 36–149.

17- Talmy, L. (2000b). Towards a Cognitive Semantics. Vol. II. Cambridge, MA: MITPress.