فهم زیباشناسانه از ماهیت علم و پیامد‌های آن برای تربیت علمی

پژوهش نامه مبانی تعلیم و تربیت

مقاله 3، دوره 10، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 20، اسفند 1399، صفحه 46-66   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/fedu.2021.31678.0

نویسندگان

موسی توماج ایری^{* 1}؛ محمود مهرمحمدی²

¹دانشجو دکترای دانشگاه تهران

²استاد دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

هدف اصلی این مقاله بررسی وجوه زیباشناختی علوم طبیعی برای دستیابی به فهمی زیباشناسانه از ماهیت علم و پیامدهای آن برای آموزش علوم و تربیت علمی است. برای این منظور با استفاده از روش­های تحلیلی و استنتاجی، پس از بررسی مؤلفه‌های توافقی ماهیت علم مبتنی بر یافته‌‌های لدرمن و همکاران، به بررسی وجوه زیباشناختی مؤلفه‌های توافقی ماهیت علم پرداخته شد. این بررسی نشان داد که علم و فعالیت علمی دارای وجوه مشترک مهمی با فعالیت هنری و زیباشناسانه است. اهمیت تخیل و خلاقیت، احساسات و عواطف، شمّ و شهود و توجه به معیارهایی مانند زیبایی، ظرافت، سادگی، تقارن و تناسبِ نظریات توسط دانشمندان و استفاده از استعاره‌ها و تمثیل‌ها؛ ازجمله وجوه زیباشناختی و هنری ماهیت علم است. این پژوهش نشان داد که: 1) اهمیت پرورش قوای زیباشناختی در تربیت علمی؛ و 2) ضرورت اتخاذ رویکرد کل‌گرا در تربیت علمی، دو پیامد کلی و نظری است که از فهم زیباشناسانه از ماهیت علم، به دست می­آید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

زیباشناسی علم؛ آموزش علم؛ تربیت زیباشناختی؛ زیبایی علم؛ تربیت علمی

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