بررسی صفات رشدی گیاه سینداپسوس (Scindapsus spp.) تحت تاثیر مصرف اسید هیومیک و اسید فولویک به صورت کودآبیاری

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 2، دوره 37، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 57، خرداد 1402، صفحه 13-27   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhs.2021.61456.0

نویسندگان

رسول عباس زاده فاروجی؛ محمود شور^* ؛ علی تهرانی فر؛ بهرام عابدی

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی برخی صفات رشدی در گیاه زینتی سینداپسوس (Scindapsus spp.) تحت تاثیر اسید هیومیک و اسید فولویک بصورت کود آبیاری، آزمایشی در گلخانه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد به ‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. عامل اول اسید هیومیک در چهار سطح صفر، 2/0، 5/0، 1 گرم بر لیتر و عامل دوم اسید فولویک نیز در چهار سطح صفر، 2/0، 5/0، 1 گرم بر لیتر بود. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده تیمار مصرف توام اسید هیومیک و اسید فولویک اثر معنی­داری بر ارتفاع، وزن تر و خشک برگ، ساقه، اندام هوایی و ریشه، تعداد گره و برگ و حجم اندام هوایی، وزن تر و خشک ریشه، طول و حجم ریشه و نسبت وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی به ریشه داشت؛ بدین صورت که با کاربرد توام اسید هیومیک و اسید فولویک تمامی صفات ارزیابی شده در گیاه نسبت به تیمار شاهد افزایش یافت. همچنین طول و عرض و سطح برگ و طول میانگره نیز با مصرف مواد هیومیکی در گیاه نسبت به تیمار شاهد افزایش یافت. در مجموع با توجه به نتایج مشخص شده از آزمایش می­توان بیان کرد که مصرف مواد هیومیکی (اسید هیومیک و اسید فولویک) به صورت توام با یکدیگر صفات رشدی در گیاه را بهبود بخشیده و سبب رشد بهتر گیاه شده­اند؛ در نتیجه این مواد می­توانند جایگزین مناسبی برای کودهای شیمیایی محرک رشد گیاه باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

حاصلخیزی خاک؛ صفات مورفولوژیک؛ گیاهان آپارتمانی؛ مواد آلی

مراجع

1. AbaszadehFaruji, , Shoor, M., Tehranifar, A., Abedi, B., & Safari, N. (2018). Effects of humic acid and fulvic acid on some morphological characteristics of geranium. Journal of Horticultural Science 32(1): 35-50. (In Persian with English abstract). https://doi.org/10.22067/JHORTS4.V31I3.57849.
2. Adani, F., Genevini, P., Zaccheo, P., & Zocchi, G. (1998). The effect of humic acid on tomato plant growth and mineral nutrition. Journal Plant Nutrition 21: 561-575. https://doi.org/1080/01904169809365424.
3. Adediran, J.A., Taiwa, L.B., Akande, M.O., Sobulo, R.A., & Idown, O.J. (2004). Application of organic and inorganic fertilizer for sustainable maize and coupea yield in Nigeria. Journal of Plant Nutrition 27: 1163-1181. https://doi.org/10.1081/PLN-120038542.
4. Aiken, G.R., Mcknight, D.M., Wershaw, R.L., & Mccarthy, P. (1985). Humic substances in soil, sediment and water. Wiley-Interscience. New York. U.S.A. https://doi.org/1002/gj.3350210213.
5. Albayrak, S., & Camas, N. (2005). Effect of different levels and application times of humic acid on root and leafyield and yield component of Forage turnip (Brassica rapa). Journal of Agronomy 42: 130-133. https://doi.org/10.3923/ja.2005.130.133.
6. Arteca, R.N. (1996). Plant growth substances: Principles and applications. Chapman and Hall. New York. pp. 250-
7. Astaraei, A.R., & Ivani, R. (2008). Effect of organic sources as foliar spray and root media on nutrition if cowpea plant. Am.-Euras. Agriculture Environment Science 3(3): 352-356.
8. Atiyeh, R.M., Arancon, N., Edwards, C.A., & Metzger, J.D. (2002). The influence of humic acids derived from earthworm processed organic wastes on plant growth. Bioresource Technology 84(1): 7-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(02)00017-2.
9. Azarpou, A. (2012). Evaluation and determination of the best time of priming and priming solution levels for germination indexes of fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgracum ). Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science 7(3): 141-146.
10. Azizi, M., & Safa, Z. (2016). Effect of humic acid and nanocardopharmes spraying on morphological traits, yield and essential oil of Nigella sativa Journal of Horticulture Science 30(3): 671-680. https://doi.org/10.22067/JHORTS4.V0I0.41136.
11. Bahalu, Z., Rizi, S., Rabi, Gh., & Saedi, K. (2018). Effect of vermicompost and humic acid on qualitative and quantitative traits of Eustoma grandiflorum after transfer of transmission. Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture -Isfahan University of Technology 8(4): 17-24.
12. Balakumbahan, R., & Rajamani, K. (2010). Effectof bio stimulants on growth and yield of Senna (Cassia angustifolia L.). Journal of Horticultural Sciences 2(1): 16-18.
13. Barghmadi, K., & Najafi, Sh. (2015). Effect of different levels of nitroxin and humic acid on some quantitative characteristics and essential oil of Carum copticum (L.). C .B . Clarke. Journal of Horticultural Science 29(3): 332-341. https://doi.org/22067/jhorts4.v0i0.22523.
14. Befrozfar, M.R., Habibi, D., Asgharzadeh, A., Sadeghi-Shoae, M., & Tookalloo, M.R. (2013). Vermicompost, plant growth promoting bacteria and humic acid can affect the growth and essence of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum ). Annals of Biological Research 4(2): 8-12. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.1897.4882.
15. Bellapart, C. (1996). New biological agriculture in equilibrium with chemical agriculture. Barcelona, Spain: Editions Mundi–Press.
16. Bollo, E. (1999). Earthworm culture, a recycling alternative. Barcelona, Spain: Editions Mundi–Press.
17. Bronick, E.J., & Lai, R. (2005). Soil structure and management: A review. Geoderma 124: 3-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.03.005.
18. Calvo, P., Nelson, L., & Kloepper, J.W. (2014). Agricultural uses of plant biostimulants. Plant and Soil 3-41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-014-2131-8.
19. Cavender, N.D., Atiyeh, R.M., & Knee, M. (2003). Vermicompost stimulates mycorrhizal colonization of roots of Sorghum bicolor at the expense of plant growth. Pedobiologia 47: 85-89. https://doi.org/10.1078/0031-4056-00172.
20. Chen, Y., Clapp, C.E., & Magen, H. (2004). Mechanisms of plant growth stimulation by humic substances: The role of organo-iron complexes. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 50: 1089-109. https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2004.10408579.
21. Chen, Y., & Aviad, T. (1990). Effects of humic substances on plant growth. PP. 161-186. In: MacCarthy et al. (Eds.), Humic Substances in Soil and Crop Science: Selected Readings. SSSA and ASA. Madison. WI. USA. https://doi.org/2136/1990.humicsubstances.c7.
22. Clapp, CE., Hayes, MHB., & Swift, RS. (1993). Isolation, fractionation, functionalities, and concepts of structure of soil organic macromolecules, in A J. Beck, K.C. Jones, M.B.H. Hayes, and U. Mingelgrin (eds.), Organic substances in soil and water. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge.
23. Cooper, R., Chunhua liu, J., & Fisher, D.S. (1998). Influence of humic substances on rooting and nutrient content of creeping bentgrass. Crop Science 38(6): 1639. https://doi.org/2135/cropsci1998.0011183X003800060037x.
24. Dastyaran, M., & Farahi, M.H. (2014). The effect of humic acid and putrescine on vegetative properties and flower life of roses in soil culture system. Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture. Soilless Culture Research Center 5(20): 243-252.
25. David, P.P., Nelson, P.V., & Sanders, C.D. (1994). A humic acid improves growth of tomato seedling in solution culture. Journal of Plant Nutrition 17: 173-184. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904169409364717.
26. Delfine, S., Tognetti, R., Desiderio, E., & Alvino, A. (2005). Effect of foliar application of N and humic acids ongrowth and yield of durum wheat. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 25: 183-191. https://doi.org/1051/agro:2005017.
27. Dursun, A., Guvenc, I., & Turan, M. (2002). Effects of different levels of humic acid on seedling growth and macro and micronutrient contents of tomato and eggplant. Acta Agrobotanica 56: 81-88. https://doi.org/5586/aa.2002.046.
28. El-Ghamry, , Kamar, M., El- Hai, A., & Khalid, G. (2009). Amino and humic acids promote growth, yield and disease resistance of Broad bean (Faba vulgaris L.) cultivated in clayey soil. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 3(2): 731-739.
29. El-Kenawy, A. (2017). Effect of chitosan, salicylic acid and fulvic acid on vegetative growth, yield and fruit quality of Thompson seedless grapevines. Egyption Journal Horticulture 44(1): 45-59. https://doi.org/10.21608/EJOH.2017.1104.1007.
30. Esringu, A., Sezen, I., Aytatli, B., & Ercisli, S. (2015). Effect of humic and fulvic acid application on growth parameters in Impatiens walleriana Akademik Ziraat 4(1): 37-42.
31. Fazel Tehrani, , Ilkai, M.N., & Mostafavi, Kh. (2017). Study of the effect of humic acid and tea compost on leaf basil characteristics. Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding 13(4): 65-73.
32. Ghasemi Ghahsareh, , & Kafi, M. (2010). Scientific and Practical Floriculture. V.1. 310 p
33. Ghorbani, S., Khazayi, H.M, Kafi, M., & Banayanaval, M. (2010). Effect of humic acid in irrigation water on yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays). Journal of Ecology 2(1):131-123. (In Persian with English abstract). https://doi.org/10.22067/jag.v2i1.7608.
34. Golchin, A., Besharati, H., & Shafiyi, S. (2010). Factors affecting the dynamics of organic materials and its effect on soil properties. The first congress of fertilizer challenges in Iran.
35. Guerrero, A. (1996). Soil fertilizers and crop fertilization. Bilbao, Spain: Editions Mundi–Press.
36. Harper, S.M., Kerven, G.L., Edwards, D.G., & Ostatek Boczyski, Z. (2000). Characterizyion on fulvic and humic acid from leavesof eucalyptus comaldulensis and from decomposed hey. Soil Biochemistry 32: 1331-1336. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(00)00021-3.
37. Honorato, R. (1993). Edaphology manual. Santiago, Chile: Editorial Universitaria S.A.
38. Jack, AH., & Evans, MR. (2000). Humic acid seed and substrate treatments promote seedling root development. Horticultural Science 35(7): 1231-1233. https://doi.org/21273/HORTSCI.35.7.1231.
39. Kamali, M., Shoor, M., & Salahvarzi, Y. (2012). Studying the effect of salt stress on physio-morphological characteristics of C₄ plants of tuberculate (Gomphrena globosa L.) and Amaranthus tricolor (Amaranthus tricolor. L.) under different levels of carbon dioxide. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. M.Sc Thesis.
40. Kamari Shahmaleki, S., Peyvast, Gh., & Ghasemnazhad, M. (2012). Effect of humic acid on growth and yield of tomato cv. Isabela. Horticultural Sciences (Agriculture Science and Technology) 26(4): 358-363. https://doi.org/22067/JHORTS4.V0I0.18148.
41. Khazaie, H.R., EyshiRezaie, E., & Bannayan, M. (2011). Application times and concentration of humic acid impact on above ground biomass and oil production of hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis). Medicinal Plants Research 5(20): 5148-5154.
42. Khoram Del, S., Koochaki, A., Nassiri Mahalati, M., & Ghorbani, R. (2007). Application effects of biofertilizers on the growth indices of black cumin (Nigella sativa). Journal of Iranian Field Crop Research 2(6): 285-294. https://doi.org/10.22067/GSC.V6I2.2435.
43. Khoramdel, S., Kuchaki, A., Nasiri Mahalati, M., & Ghorbani, R. (2008). Effect of biofertilizers on growth indices of black cumin (Nigella sativa). Journal of Agriculture Research 6: 294-285. (In Persian with English abstract). https://doi.org/10.22067/gsc.v6i2.2435.
44. Kochaki, A. (1996). From the Green Revolution to the Cost of the Revolution. Conflict or Understanding. The 4^th Iranian Congress of Agronomy and Plant Breeding. In Persian.
45. Koram Ghe-Farokhi, A., Rahimi, A., Torabi, B., & Madah Hoseini, Sh. (2015). The effect of application of humic acid, spraying leaves of compost tea and vermicelli on the adsorption of chlorophyll elements and content of Cartamus tinctorius Journal of Oil Plants Production 2(1): 71-84.
46. Malan, CH. No year. Review: Humic and Fulvic Acids. A Practical Approach.
47. Marschner, H. (2002). Mineral nutrition of higher plants under saline soil conditions. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B— Soil & Plant Science 54: 168-174.
48. Michael Karr, M. (2001). Oxidized lignites and extracts from oxidized lignites in agriculture. Available online at: http://humates.com/Humates.Agriculture.Karr.pdf.
49. Moradi, M., Pasari, B., & Fayyaz, F. (2017). The effects of fulvic acid application on seed and oil yield of safflower cultivars. Journal of Central European Agriculture 18(3): 584-597. https://doi.org/5513/JCEA01/18.3.1933.
50. Nadi, S., Pizzegheloo Musolo, A., & Vianello, A. (2002). Physiological effect of humic substances on higher plants. Soil Biology Biochemical 34: 1527-1536. https://doi.org/1016/S0038-0717(02)00174-8.
51. Nardi, S., Pizzeghello, D., Muscolo, A., & Vianello, A. (2002). Physiological effects of humic substances on higher plants. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 34: 1527–1536. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(02)00174-8.
52. Nikbakht, A., Etemadi, N., & Yazdani, B. (2010). Application of humic and flvic acids in nutrient solution affects postharvest characteristics of Gerbera jamesonnii Acta Horticulturae 934(934): 495-499. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.934.65.
53. Piraste Anoshe, , Emam, Y., & Jamali Ramin, F. (2010). Comparison of the effect of bio-fertilizers with chemical fertilizers on growth, yield of sunflower oil in different levels of drought stress. Agroecology Journal 2(3): 492-501. https://doi.org/10.22067/JAG.V2I3.7663.
54. Reynolds, A.G., Wardle, D.A., Drought, B., & Cantwell, R. (1995). Gro-mate soil amendment improves growth of greenhouse-grown 'Chardonnay' grapevines. Horticulture Science 30: 539-554.
55. Roohani, N.S., Nemati, S.H., Moghadam, M., & Ardakanian, V. (2014). The role of humic acid on morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of three varieties of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) under salt stress. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. M.Sc Thesis.
56. Rubio, V., Bustos, R., Irigoyen, M.L., Cardona-Lopez, X., Rojas-Triana, M., & Paz-Ares, J. (2009). Plant hormones and nutrient signaling. Plant Molecular Biolojy 69(4): 361–73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-008-9380-y.
57. Sabzevari, S., Khazai, H.R., & Kafi, M. (2009). The effect of humic acid on root and shoot growth of Sayonez and Sabalan cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum ). Journal of Soil and Water (Agricultural Science and Technology) 23(2): 87-94. https://doi.org/10.22067/jsw.v0i0.1731.
58. Saleh Rastin, N. (1999). Biological fertilizers. Journal of Soil and Water Special Publication Research Institute. Agricultural Extension and Education 12(3): 17-26.
59. Samavat, S., & Malakoti, M. (2006). Necessitates the use of organic acids (humic and Fulvic) to increase the quantity and quality of agricultural products. Technical Bulletin No. 463. Senate Publications. Tehran. Iran. (In Persian with English abstract)
60. Samavat, S., & Malakouti, M.J. (2005). Necessity of production and utilization of organic acids to increase quality and quantity of agricultural products. Sana Publisher, Tehran. (In Persian with English abstract)
61. Shahbazi, M., Chamani, A., Shahbazi, M., Mostafavi, M., & Poorbirami, H.I.Y. (2012). Investigating the effect of different substrates of vermicompost, peat, and coconut cultivation on the carnation growth and flowering characteristics. Journal of Agricultural Knowledge and Sustainable Production 22(3): 127-136.
62. Sharif, M., Khattak, R.A., & Sarir, M.S. (2002). Effect of different levels of lignitic coal derived humic acid on growth of maize plants. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 33: 3567-3580. https://doi.org/1081/CSS-120015906.
63. Sidari, M., Ronzello, G., Vecchio, G., & Muscolo, A. (2008). Influence of slope aspects on soil chemical and biochemical properties in a Pinus laricio forest ecosystem of Aspromonte (Southern Italy). European Journal of Soil Biology 44(4): 364-372. https://doi.org/1016/j.ejsobi.2008.05.001.
64. Soleimani Aghdam, M., Hassanpour-Aghdam, M., Paliyat, G., & Farmani, B. (2012). The language of calcium in postharvest life of fruits, vegetables and flowers. Science Horticulture 144: 102-115. https://doi.org/1016/j.scienta.2012.07.007.
65. Stevenson, F.J. (1994). Organic forms of soil nitrogen. In: wiley john, editor. Humic chemistry: genesis, composition, reaction. New york: 59–95.
66. Taghizadeh, M., Ahsani Iravani, V., & Asadi, L. (2013). Investigating the effects of vermicompost application on improving quality and quantity of horticultural products. 1^st Symposium on New Discussion in Horticultural Science. Scientific Association of Horticultural Engineering. Jahrom University.
67. Tattini, M., Bertoni, P., Landi, A., & Traversi, M.L. (1991). Effect of humic acids on growth and biomass partitioning of container-grown olive plants. Acta Horticulture 294: 75-80. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1991.294.7.
68. Terzi, A., Coban, S., Yildiz, F., Ates, M., Bitiren, M., Taskin, A., & Aksoy, N. (2010). Protective effects of black cumin (Nigella sativa) on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Journal of Investigative Surgery 23(1): 21. https://doi.org/10.3109/08941930903469375.
69. Turkmen, O., Dursun, A., Turan, M., & Erdinc, C. (2004). Calcium and humic acid affect seed germination, growth, and nutrient content of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) seedlings. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica. Section B—Soil and Plant Science 54: 168-174. https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710310022014.
70. Valdrighi, M.M., Pear, A., Agnolucci, M., Frassinetti, S., Lunardi, D., & Vallini, G. (1996). Effects of compost-derived humic acids on vegetable biomass production and microbial growth within a plant (Cichorium intybus)-soil system: A comparative study. Agriculture Ecosystem Environmental 58: 133-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8809(96)01031-6.
71. Vermeer, A.W.P. (1996). Interactions between humic acid and hematite and their effects on metal ion speciation. The Netherlands: Wageningen University. (phd thesis).
72. Veronica, M., Eva, B., Angel-Maria, Z., Elena, A., Maria, G., Marta, F., & Jose´-Maria, GM. (2010). Action of humic acid on promotion of cucumber shoot growth involves nitrate-related changes associated with the root-to-shoot distribution of cytokinins, polyamines and mineral nutrients. Journal of Plant Physiology 167: 633-642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2009.11.018.
73. Wolf, D.W., Henderson, D.W., Hsiao, T.C., & Alvino, A. (1988). Interactive water and nitrogen effects onsenescence of maize. I. Leaf area duration nitrogen distribution and yield. Agronomy Journal 80: 859-864. https://doi.org/2134/agronj1988.00021962008000060004x.
74. Yamauchi, M., Katayama, S., Todoroki, T., & Watanable, T. (1984). "Total synthesis of fulvic acid". Journal of the Chemical Society. Chemical Communications 23: 1565-6. https://doi.org/1039/C39840001565.
75. Youssef, A.A., Mahgoub, M.H., & Talaat, I.M. (2004). Physiological and biochemical aspects of Matthiola incana L. plants under the effect of putrescine and kinetin treatments. Egyptian Journal of Applied Science. 19(9B): 492-510.