تأثیر کاربرد پس از برداشت اسید آسکوربیک بر عمر انبارمانی و کیفیت میوه‌ی خرمالو ((Diospyros kaki Thunb.

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 17، دوره 36، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 53، خرداد 1401، صفحه 241-257   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhs.2021.69745.1040

نویسندگان

فهیمه نصر¹؛ ولی ربیعی¹؛ فرهنگ رضوی^{* 1}؛ غلامرضا گوهری²

¹گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

²گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه ، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به فسادپذیر بودن میوه خرمالو در دوره پس از برداشت و محدودیت استفاده از مواد شیمیایی، معرفی روش‌های طبیعی و سالم برای حفظ کیفیت و افزایش عمرانبارمانی خرمالو ضروری می‌باشد. این تحقیق به منظور بررسی اثر تیمار اسید آسکوربیک بر خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی میوه خرمالو رقم ’کرج‘ انجام شد. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 3 تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل اسید آسکوربیک در سه سطح (15، 30 و صفر (شاهد) میلی‌مولار) به عنوان فاکتور اول و زمان انبارمانی در سه سطح (15، 30 و 45 روز) به عنوان فاکتور دوم بودند. میوه‌ها به روش غوطه­وری در محلول اسید آسکوربیک 15 و 30 میلی‌مولار و آب مقطر تیمار شدند و در یک دوره انباری 45 روزه در سردخانه با دمای 4 درجه ‌سانتی‌گراد و رطوبت نسبی 85-90 درصد نگهداری شدند. نتایج بدست آمده حاکی از تأثیر معنی‌دار تیمارها بر صفات مورد ارزیابی بود. تیمارهای اسید آسکوربیک 15 و 30 میلی‌مولار موجب حفظ ویتامین ث، فلاونوئید کل، ظرفیت‌آنتی‌اکسیدانی و تانن محلول در مقایسه با شاهد شدند. تیمار اسید آسکوربیک 30 میلی‌مولار بهترین تیمار در بین تیمارهای اعمال شده در حفظ سفتی ) 6/1 کیلوگرم بر سانتی‌متر مربع( تانن محلول )1889 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم)، فنول (1591 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) و فلاونوئید کل (309 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) نسبت به شاهد بود. کاربرد اسید آسکوربیک 15 و 30 میلی‌مولار به طور مؤثری موجب تأخیر در افزایش مالون‌دی‌آلدهید (1/1 و 3/2 نانو مول بر گرم وزن‌تر) و کاهش وزن (8/0 و 3/1 درصد) نسبت به شاهد در طی 45 روز انبارمانی شدند. با توجه به اثرات مثبت تیمار اسید آسکوربیک بر حفظ کیفیت و افزایش ماندگاری میوه خرمالو در طی 45 روز انبارمانی، چنین به نظر می‌رسد که کاربرد این ترکیب در مقیاس وسیع به عنوان راهکار مناسب جهت افزایش کیفیت میوه خرمالو قابل توصیه باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تانن محلول؛ عمر انبارمانی؛ فلاونوئیدکل؛ فنول کل؛ کاروتنوئیدکل

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