اثر مقادیر و روش‌های مختلف کاربرد پوتریسین بر عمر گلجایی، برخی شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیکی و فعالیت آنزیمی میخک (Dianthus caryophyllus L.)

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 2، دوره 37، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 59، آبان 1402، صفحه 599-614   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhs.2021.71518.1075

نویسندگان

سید عباس راضی¹؛ داود هاشم آبادی^{* 2}؛ بهزاد کاویانی³

¹دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی رشت، واحد رشت، ایران

²دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رشت، رشت، ایران

³دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد رشت، رشت، ایران

چکیده

میخک (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) یکی از مهم­ترین گل­های شاخه­بریده­ی جهان است که ارزش بالایی در صنعت گلکاری دارد. این گل فرازگرا به اتیلن و تنش آبی پس از برداشت بسیار حساس است و عمر گلجایی نسبتاً پایینی دارد. بیشتر اثرات منفی روی گل­های شاخه­بریده ناشی از تولید اتیلن است. استفاده از ترکیبات کاهنده یا ممانعت­کننده­ی سنتز اتیلن راهی مؤثر در افزایش عمر پس از برداشت میخک است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، افزایش عمر گلجایی گل شاخه­بریده­ی میخک رقم ’تمپو‘ با استفاده از مقادیر 01/0، 02/0 و 05/0 میلی­‌مولار پوتریسین و روش­های کاربرد پیوسته، پالس و اسپری بود. یک آزمایش بر پایه­ی طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 10 تیمار در 3 تکرار و 150 شاخه گل انجام شد. در این پژوهش، صفات عمر گلجایی، درجه بریکس، جذب آب، کاهش وزن تر، درصد ماده خشک، کاروتنوئید گلبرگ، کلروفیل برگ، نشت یونی، آنزیم پراکسیداز، آنزیم سوپراکسیددیسموتاز و اتیلن اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین عمر گلجایی (14 روز) در گل­های شاخه‌بریده­ی تیمارشده با 02/0 میلی­مولار پوترسین به صورت اسپری (محلول‌پاشی) مشاهده شد. این تیمار همچنین باعث تولید کمترین اتیلن (36/2 نانولیتر در لیتر در ساعت در گرم وزن تر)، بیشترین جذب آب (88/1 میلی‌لیتر در هر گرم وزن تر) و بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز (04/23 واحد آنزیم در هر گرم وزن تر) گردید. برخی شاخص­های فیزیولوژیک و فعالیت آنزیمی دیگر نیز مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. در صفات عمر گلجایی، جذب آب، درجه‌ی بریکس، درصد ماده‌ی خشک، میزان کاروتنوئید و فعالیت آنزیم‌های پراکسیداز و سوپراکسیددیسموتاز، کمترین ارزش در گل­های شاخه­بریده­ی شاهد ثبت شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اتیلن؛ پلی‌آمین؛ عمر پس از برداشت؛ گل فرازگرا

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