ارزیابی عملکرد و کیفیت میوه هلو (Prunus persica var red top) در کشت ریشه منقسم تلقیح شده با قارچ و سطوح مختلف آبیاری

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 8، دوره 37، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 57، خرداد 1402، صفحه 105-119   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhs.2022.72296.1088

نویسندگان

مسعود ناظری^{* 1}؛ سید جلال طباطبائی²؛ یاور شرفی³

¹دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد درختان میوه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران

²شاهد تهران

³دانشگاه شاهد تهران

چکیده

آب از مهمترین عوامل محدود کننده تولید محصولات باغی می‌باشد. از عوامل موفقیت در تولید محصولات باغی کشورمان افزایش بهره وری آب می‌باشد. به منظور ارزیابی رشد و عملکرد هلو رقم ‘Red Top’ پیوند شده روی پایه GF677 با جایگذاری کیسه حاوی پومیس در شرایط رطوبتی مختلف، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار به مدت دو سال صورت گرفت. تیمارها شامل جایگذاری کیسه در کنار درخت در سه سطح (بدون کیسه، یک کیسه و دو کیسه)، سطوح مختلف آبیاری (50، 75 و 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) و تیمار تلقیح ریشه با قارچ‌ مایکوریزا (ترکیبی از سویه‌های Glomus)، تریکودرما سویه  harzianumو شاهد (بدون قارچ) اعمال شد. بیشترین رطوبت نسبی آب برگ در تیمار جایگذاری دو کیسه، آبیاری 75 درصد و تلقیح با قارچ تریکودرما اندازه‌گیری شد. همچنین تیمار جایگذاری یک کیسه، آبیاری 100 درصد و تلقیح ریشه با قارچ مایکوریزا بیشترین قطر تنه را ایجاد کرد. نتایج نشان داد تیمار جایگذاری دو کیسه، آبیاری 100 درصد و تلقیح با قارچ مایکوریزا عملکرد را نسبت به شاهد 8/1 برابر افزایش داد. تیمار بدون جایگذاری کیسه، آبیاری 75 درصد و بدون تلقیح با قارچ بیشترین مواد جامد محلول و TSS/TA میوه را داشت. بیشترین فنول کل و آنتوسیانین میوه به ترتیب در تیمار بدون جایگذاری کیسه و آبیاری 50 درصد و بدون تلقیح قارچ و تیمار جایگذاری دو کیسه و آبیاری 75 درصد و بدون تلقیح قارچ اندازه گیری شد. تیمار جایگذاری یک کیسه و آبیاری 75 درصد و بدون تلقیح قارچ و تیمار بدون جایگذاری کیسه و آبیاری 50 درصد و تلقیح با قارچ ماکوریزا بیشترین قرمزی و درخشندگی پوست میوه را ایجاد کردند. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده تیمار جایگذاری یک کیسه، آبیاری 75 درصد و تلقیح با قارچ ماکوریزا از عملکرد و کیفیت میوه مناسبی برخوردار بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پومیس؛ تریکودرما؛ کم آبیاری؛ کود آبیاری و مایکوریزا

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