اثر شدت هرس و تعداد جوانه در هر شاخه بر عملکرد و کیفیت انگور ’رطبی‘

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 4، دوره 37، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 59، آبان 1402، صفحه 629-641   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhs.2022.74612.1125

نویسنده

محمدجواد کرمی^*

استادیار بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس. سازمان تحقیقات ،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

انگور یکی از محصولات مهم و غالب باغی استان فارس و انگور ’رطبی‘ یکی از رقم­های مهم انگور آبی در این استان است. دو روش هرس در انگور وجود دارد (هرس بلند و هرس کوتاه). تفاوت این دو روش هرس، در طول شاخه یک ساله نگهداری شده پس از انجام هرس است. در هرس بلند شاخه­های با بیش از سه جوانه اما در هرس کوتاه شاخه­های کوتاه دو تا سه جوانه­ای نگهداری می­شود. به منظور تعیین شدت هرس مناسب، واکنش این رقم به دو سطح شدت هرس (سبک با فرمول 20+40 و شدید با فرمول 20+20) و سه سطح تعداد جوانه در هر نقطه بارده (3، 6 و 9 جوانه‌ای) به مدت سه سال با  آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در شیراز بررسی گردید. نتایج نشان داد که اثر متقابل شدت هرس × طول شاخه بارده بر ویژگی­های تعداد خوشه، وزن و تعداد حبه (p≤0.01) و بر ویژگی میانگین عملکرد و مقدار اسید میوه (p≤0.05) معنی‌دار بود. هم‌چنین اثر شدت هرس بر عملکرد، تعداد خوشه و وزن حبه و اثر تعداد جوانه در هر شاخه بارده بر عملکرد، تعداد خوشه و تعداد حبه معنی‌دار بود. بیشترین عملکرد در هرس سبک با شاخه­های شش جوانه­ای (9/34 تن در هکتار) و نه جوانه­ای (1/33 تن در هکتار) بدست آمد. بیشترین تعداد خوشه (126 خوشه در هر کرت) در هرس سبک با شاخه نه جوانه­ای، سنگین­ترین حبه­ها (7/5 گرم) در هرس شدید با شاخه شش جوانه­ای و بیشترین تعداد حبه (126 عدد) در هرس شدید با شاخه سه جوانه­ای مشاهده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

باردهی جوانه؛ تربیت تاک؛ هرس تعادلی؛ هرس سبک

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