اثر محلول‌پاشی برگی اسید آسکوربیک و اسید اگزالیک بر پاسخ‌های فیزیولوژیک توت‌فرنگی رقم ’کاماروسا‘

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 13، دوره 37، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 60، اسفند 1402، صفحه 1073-1086   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhs.2023.81120.1240

نویسندگان

نعیمه سوخت سرایی؛ فریال وارسته^* ؛ مهدی علی زاده

گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

در سال­های اخیر کاربرد اسیدهای آلی به دلیل تأثیر آنها در افزایش عملکرد کمی و کیفی گیاه و افزایش مقاومت به تنش­های محیطی افزایش یافته است. به­همین منظور، برای بررسی برخی پاسخ­های فیزیولوژیک توت­فرنگی رقم ’کاماروسا‘ به محلول­پاشی برگی اسیدهای آلی، آزمایشی به‌صورت طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل: محلول­پاشی با اسید آسکوربیک و اسید اگزالیک (هر کدام با غلظت یک میلی­مولار) در سه مرحله (از مرحله اتمام گلدهی تا مرحله میوه سبز) با فواصل شش روز یک‌بار و تیمار شاهد (عدم محلول­پاشی) بود. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار محلول­پاشی اثر معنی‌داری بر سطح برگ، وزن تر، وزن خشک برگ، میزان کلروفیل­های a، b و کل، کارتنوئید، قند کل، فلاونوئید و فنل کل داشت. بیشترین میانگین سطح برگ (08/314 سانتی­متر مربع)، وزن تر و خشک برگ (به‌ترتیب 78/1 و 56/0 گرم)، کلروفیل a و کارتنوئید کل (به‌ترتیب 43/0 و 29/0 میلی­گرم بر گرم)، قند کل (43/1 میکروگرم بر گرم)، فنل کل (70/0 میلی­گرم بر گرم) و فلاونوئید کل (19/0 میلی­گرم بر گرم) در کاربرد اسید اگزالیک مشاهده شد. تیمار شاهد دارای کمترین میانگین در تمام صفت­های مورد مطالعه (به جز کارتنوئید) بود. مصرف اسید آسکوربیک و اسید اگزالیک سبب افزایش رنگیزه­های فتوسنتزی شد و نسبت به تیمار شاهد به‌طور میانگین ۲۲ درصد میزان کلروفیل کل را افزایش داد. به­علاوه، محلول­پاشی با اسید آسکوربیک و اگزالیک باعث افزایش مواد جامد محلول، فعالیت آنتی­اکسیدانی و فلاونوئید میوه نسبت به شاهد شد. همچنین میوه­های برداشت شده از گیاهان تیمار شده با اسید اگزالیک، آنتوسیانین و فنل کل بیشتری نسبت به میوه­های برداشت شده از گیاهان تیمار شده با اسید آسکوربیک و شاهد دارا بودند. میوه­های گیاهان تیمار شده با اسید آسکوربیک نسبت به گیاهان تیمار شده با اسید اگزالیک، ویتامین ث و اسیدیته قابل تیتر کمتر و شاخص طعم بالاتری داشتند. به‌طور کلی با توجه به نتایج مشخص شد که محلول­پاشی برگی اسید آسکوربیک و اسید اگزالیک با افزایش رنگیزه­های فتوسنتزی و زیست­توده، باعث بهبود صفات کیفی و محتوای ترکیبات مرتبط با سلامتی در میوه توت­فرنگی رقم ’کاماروسا‘ شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اسیدهای آلی؛ رنگیزه های فتوسنتزی؛ زیست توده؛ فنل کل

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