اثر پایه و تلقیح با قارچ میکوریزا بر رشد، عملکرد و کیفیت میوه خیار گلخانه‌ای در شرایط کشت بدون خاک

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 18، دوره 37، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 60، اسفند 1402، صفحه 1147-1161   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhs.2023.81876.1256

نویسندگان

اصغر مارزی زاده^{* 1}؛ صاحبعلی بلندنظر²

¹گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

²دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر پایه و تلقیح با قارچ میکوریزا بر رشد و عملکرد خیار گلخانه­ای در شرایط کشت بدون خاک، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار، در گلخانه گروه علوم باغبانی دانشگاه تبریز اجرا گردید. فاکتور اول با دو سطح، پیوند خیار رقم ’ناگین‘ روی پایه کدوی ’شینتوزا‘ و رقم ’ناگین‘ غیر پیوندی همزیست با قارچ میکوریزا Diversispora versiformis، همچنین، عدم تلقیح با قارچ میکوریزا به‌عنوان فاکتور دوم بود. نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد اثر پایه و قارچ میکوریزا بر صفات کمی خیار معنی‌دار بود. بطوری‌که پایه شینتوزا تلقیح شده با قارچ میکوریزا بیشترین تأثیر را بر افزایش رشد رویشی، افزایش عملکرد تک بوته داشت. عملکرد در این تیمار با 6/2115 گرم در بوته بیشترین عملکرد میوه و گیاهان شاهد غیر پیوندی و فاقد میکوریزا با تولید 6/1569 گرم در بوته کمترین عملکرد میوه را به خود اختصاص دادند. که حدود 34 درصد نسبت به شاهد غیر پیوندی و فاقد میکوریزا افزایش عملکرد را نشان می‌دهد. همچنین در تیمار گیاهان پیوندی و تلقیح شده با قارچ میکوریزا، صفات کیفی میوه از جمله Ec عصاره میوه، ظرفیت آنتی­اکسیدانی و محتوای مواد جامد محلول (TSS) میوه افزایش یافت. در ضمن سایر صفات کیفی میوه از جمله pH و فنل کل میوه، سفتی بافت میوه، اسیدیته قابل تیتراسیون میوه معنی­دار نبود. بنابراین کاربرد قارچ میکوریزا بر روی پایه شینتوزا برای تولید خیار گلخانه­ای در شرایط کشت بدون خاک در بستری از پیت­ماس و پرلایت به نسبت 2:1، به‌عنوان یکی از راهکارهای مؤثر در بهبود عملکرد محصول گلخانه­ای پیشنهاد می­گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پیوند؛ رقم ناگین؛ شینتوزا؛ همزیستی

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